「猖狂恣睢，肆意有所作」──論韓愈文之恢奇

Abstract

本文旨在探究韓愈其人的「猖狂恣肆」與其文之「恢奇」特質，進而展現他所以卓犖於世且能高舉古道古文之大旗的關鍵。研究過程著重於文本的體會與解讀，期能更周全細節地了解其人、其文，並建立一個由人而文的詮釋途徑。韓愈「猖狂恣睢」的人格特質與「肆意而作」的創作方式頗具爭議，批評者認為如此為人、為文之態度與大賢君子扞格，而無助於彰明聖人之道，然而這是對於韓愈的誤解之論。本文首先論述韓愈猖狂恣睢的特質，並釐清其特質於實踐志業時的關鍵作用；接著論述他肆意而作的學養根柢，以示其肆意能合於聖人義理，並非率妄；最後由遣言措辭之角度，討論韓文之「恢奇」特質。而知正是如此「恢奇」之文，而能張大古文；也正是如此猖狂恣肆的韓愈，而能文起八代、道濟天下。

The purpose of this paper is to discuss Han-Yu’s personality of "chang-kuang-zi-suei(猖狂恣睢)", and the "huei-qi(恢奇)" of his writings.That also shows why Han-Yu could be such outstanding in advocating "ku-tao(古道)" and "ku-wen(古文)".The research process focused on the interpretation of the text so as to understand Han-Yu and his writings in more detail, also establish an interpreting way, “from writer to writings”. Han Yu's"chang-kuang-zi-suei(猖狂恣睢)" and "wantonly writing(肆意而作)" are quite controversial. Critics believed that this trait and writing attitude were not only contrary to a “jun-zi(君子)”but also not beneficial to “the tau of sheng-ren(聖人之道)". However, this is a misunderstanding of Han-Yu. The first part of this paper focuses on Han-Yu’s trait of "chang-kuang-zi-suei(猖狂恣睢)", and expounds that this trait played a key role when he put the ambition into practice. In the second section, I discuss the profound learning which Han-Yu based on when “writing wantonly(肆意而作)”, also confirm that his writings were in line with “the tau of sheng-ren(聖人之道)". In the last section, I analyze the wording and phrasing of Han-Yu’s writings so as to show the "huei-qi(恢奇)" of them. Finally, we find that there were just the "huei-qi(恢奇)" wirtings could expand the "ku-wen(古文)", and was just "chang-kuang-zi-suei(猖狂恣睢)" Han-Yu could become a great person in advocating "ku-tao(古道)" and "ku-wen(古文)".