初探台灣脫口秀節目中觀眾笑聲的序列結構及功能分析

Abstract

近年來，台灣脫口秀節目蓬勃發展，主持人與嘉賓間的互動性對節目效果產生顯著影響。觀眾笑聲作為現場回應的一種形式，影響著節目節奏與氛圍。然而相關研究對於半機構脫口秀節目中的笑聲探討仍相對有限。本研究探討台灣脫口秀節目中，主持人與嘉賓如何透過互動有效引發現場觀眾笑聲，進一步分析觀眾笑聲的序列位置及功能，旨在補足現有研究對半機構性台灣脫口秀節目中笑聲研究的空缺。研究語料取自2018年至2025年間播出的《博恩夜夜秀》與《賀瓏夜夜秀》，分析對象為節目中現場觀眾的笑聲片段。研究方法採質化分析，運用會話分析（Conversation Analysis）理論，並參考Jefferson（2004）的轉錄系統，聚焦於單向與共享笑聲的引發方式與回應及延續策略。 研究結果指出，單向觀眾笑聲大多數分布於第二部分獨立位置單邊笑聲，發生於主持人或嘉賓進行戲弄、自我表揚、自我貶低與陳述好笑內容時，此類笑聲多為對語言內容的即時反應，具備緩和氣氛、標示語境變化及增進說話者與觀眾關係等功能。於共享觀眾笑聲方面，則出現相對複雜的序列位置。共享笑聲（shared laughter）反映出觀眾與說話者間建立的積極立場（display of affiliation），具有減緩面子威脅、建立立場關係與增加互動流暢性等作用。此外，於共享笑聲的序列延續策略方面，發現主要三種形式：（一）擴展原有的笑聲成分；（二）再次調用先前好笑內容；（三）於主題或結構上參照前述內容，進一步生成好笑內容。此三種策略顯示出笑聲的回溯性及擴展性。本研究將上述結果運用於教學設計中，並提出相關應用建議。透過對脫口秀節目中觀眾笑聲的系統性分析，不僅補足過去對華語脫口秀節目中笑聲研究的空缺，也為多模態語言互動與非語言資源的研究提供新的視角。最後，研究結果有助於深化對華語脫口秀節目中語言與非語言互動關係的理解，亦可為第二語言教學與語用學研究提供理論依據與應用啟示。

In recent years, Taiwanese talk shows have flourished, with host–guest interactions playing a crucial role in shaping program dynamics. Audience laughter, as a form of real-time response, influences both the rhythm and atmosphere of these programs. However, limited research has examined laughter in semi-institutional talk show settings. This study investigates how hosts and guests elicit laughter from live audiences and analyzes the sequential structures and interactional functions of such laughter, aiming to address gaps in prior research on Taiwan Mandarin talk shows. Data were drawn from The Night Night Show with Brian Tseng and The Night Night Show with HELLO (2018–2025). Employing a qualitative approach grounded in Conversation Analysis (CA) and Jefferson’s (2004) transcription system, this study focuses on the initiation and response of both unilateral and shared laughter, as well as the continuation of shared laughter. Findings reveal that unilateral audience laughter primarily occurs as second pair part laughter, triggered by teasing, self-praise, self-deprecation, or other laughables. These responses serve to ease interactional tension, mark contextual shifts, and foster speaker–audience rapport. In contrast, shared laughter displays more complex sequential structures, indicating affiliation, mitigating face threats, and enhancing interactional fluency. Three continuation strategies were identified: (1) expanding prior laughables, (2) re-invoking previously laughable content, and (3) offering a subsequent laughable in the series to create new laughables, thereby demonstrating the retrospective and expansive nature of laughter. This study contributes to the understanding of audience laughter in Mandarin talk shows and offers insights into multimodal interaction, with implications for both pragmatic theory and second language pedagogy.