從兩岸娛樂新聞標題看臺灣與中國之詞彙使用差異

Abstract

1945年開始，臺灣和中國經歷長時間的分隔，使得兩岸在方方面面都產生了一定程度的差異，隨著1987年解嚴以來，兩岸彼此交流的加深，這些差異逐漸縮小。不同文化交流所出現的變化經常最先反映在語言上，而新聞作爲一傳遞訊息的媒介，最能反映現實生活以及當下人們所使用的語言形式。自解嚴以來，臺灣的華語歌曲、偶像劇在中國極受歡迎，相關的娛樂新聞使兩岸在報導內容上產生更多交集。因此，本研究以2005年至2022年臺灣《自由時報》電子報、《聯合報》電子報以及中國《新浪網》電子報、《搜狐》電子報的娛樂版新聞標題為本，建置兩岸娛樂新聞標題語料庫，並進一步探究以下三個問題：（ㄧ）臺灣和中國之娛樂新聞標題所選用的詞彙有何特殊之處；（二）不同地區的娛樂新聞媒體對同一件事的詞彙使用情況有何差異；（三）臺灣和中國的娛樂新聞媒體之詞彙選用與社會變動之間的關係為何。 根據本研究對於兩岸娛樂新聞標題語料庫的分析，有以下三點發現：（一）臺灣和中國對於娛樂新聞標題的詞彙使用存在明顯差異；（二）中國娛樂新聞標題在描述上主要以演藝人員、戲劇節目為主體，並在敘述上較臺灣娛樂新聞標題書面，臺灣娛樂新聞新聞標題則主要以事件為主體，且經常使用情色、聳動的詞彙以及語義和理解空缺的句子吸引讀者點閱；（三）從2005年到2022年，兩岸詞彙擴散的方向由主要是臺灣到中國轉變成臺灣中國互相影響，並且詞彙由一地擴散到另一地時，可能產生三種結果，分別為（1）進入當地的詞彙系統，但最後被淘汰；（2）進入當地詞彙系統並且使用頻率逐年升高；（3）進入當地詞彙系統一段時間後，才因為其他原因，突然被大量使用。

Since 1945, Taiwan and China have undergone a long period of separation, resulting in a certain degree of difference in various aspects. With the deepening of cross-strait exchanges since 1987, these differences have gradually narrowed. The changes in cultural exchange are often reflected in language, and news, as a medium for transmitting information, can best reflect the reality of life and the form of language used by people today. Since the lifting of martial law, Taiwan's songs and dramas have become extremely popular in China, so the related entertainment news has led to more intersection between Taiwan and China. Therefore, this study used the entertainment news headlines of Taiwan's Liberty Times and United Daily News, as well as China's Sina and Sohu e-newspapers from 2005 to 2022 to build a cross-strait entertainment news headline corpus and further investigate the following three questions: (1) what are the special features of the terms used in entertainment news headlines in Taiwan and China; (2) what are the differences in the use of terms for the same event by entertainment news media in Taiwan and China; (3) what is the relationship between the choice of terms and social changes in entertainment news media in Taiwan and China. Based on the analysis of the cross-strait entertainment news headlines corpus, the following three findings were found: (1) three differences existed between Taiwan and China in the use of terms for entertainment news headlines: (1.1) different terms were used to refer to the same concept in Taiwan and China; (1.2) the same term had different meanings in Taiwan and China; (1.3) the form and meanings of the terms were the same, but the usage was different in Taiwan and China. (2) entertainment news headlines of China mainly focused on performers and drama programs, while entertainment news headlines of Taiwan mainly focused on events and often used erotic and sensational words. (3) From 2005 to 2022, the direction of cross-strait lexical diffusion changed from mainly Taiwan to China to Taiwan-China influencing each other, and when the lexicon diffused from one place to another, three outcomes may occur: (3.1) it entered the local vocabulary system but was eventually eliminated; (3.2) it entered the local vocabulary system and the frequency of use increased year by year; (3.3) it entered the local vocabulary system for a period of time and then suddenly became widely used for some reasons.