整合三維空間資訊與大氣輻射模型探討瀝青混凝土鋪面孔隙率對於都市熱島效應之影響

Abstract

都市熱島效應日趨嚴重，使得都市區域氣溫升高，也影響了城市的宜居性。近年來，多孔瀝青混凝土路面因減少熱島效應而受到推崇，但也有部分學者證實它會使熱島效應惡化。本研究旨在通過引入中央氣象局更全面的氣候參數並結合合理的三維為建築模型做為空間資料輔助以評估大範圍的都市熱島效應，並通過實際使用紅外線熱像儀拍攝不同道路鋪面之熱影像，採集路面的物理參數來探討都市選擇哪種路面對於都市整體熱環境更加友善。研究顯示，都市選擇舖築多孔隙瀝青混凝土面相較於傳統的密集配瀝青混凝土鋪面會使得都市環境吸收較少太陽輻射能量，約可減少 45%的太陽輻射吸收，人類對於熱環境的體感溫度平均也可以下降 0.3°C 左右，使人類有較涼爽的感受，可提供給政府作為都市未來路面選擇時的參考，進而打造宜居城市。

Urban heat island effect has become more serious, which makes urban-area temperature increase, also affecting the city's livability. In recent years, porous asphalt concrete pavement has been praised to reduce the heat island effect, but some scholars have confirmed that it can worsen the heat island effect. This study aims to evaluate the large-scale heat island effect by introducing more comprehensive climate parameters and combining reasonable three-dimensional spatial information, and by actually collecting the physical parameters of the pavement to explore which kind of pavement the city chooses to be more friendly to the overall thermal environment of the city. Studies have shown that the city's choice of paving porous asphalt concrete pavement compared with traditional dense asphalt concrete pavement will make the urban environment absorb less solar radiation energy. It can reduce the absorption of solar radiation by about 45%, and the average temperature of human beings to the thermal environment can also drop by about 0.3°C, which can be provided to the government as a reference for urban road surface selection in the future, and then create a livable city.