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標題: | 基於本地振盪相移使用雙迴路校正之18吉赫變壓器接收機前端 An 18-GHz Transformer-Based Receiver Front-End with Dual-Loop Calibration Based on LO Phase Shifting |
作者: | 曾鵬宇 Peng-Yu Tseng |
指導教授: | 呂良鴻 Liang-Hung Lu |
關鍵字: | Ku頻段相位陣列,本地振盪相移,接收機前端,變壓器,相位誤差,增益誤差,雙迴路校正, Ku band phased array,LO phase shifting,receiver front-end,transformer,phase error,gain error,dual-loop calibration, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 為了提供全球各地網際網路的服務與更高的資料傳輸速度,低軌道衛星通訊的發展受到大量的關注與投資,對於使用者以及地面接收端來說,必須要即時追蹤衛星發射的訊號來調整不同時刻訊號接收的方向。因此,可以電子式的調控波束指向的相位陣列便成為其中必不可少的關鍵電路。
而為了評斷相位陣列的性能,相位誤差與增益誤差這兩項關鍵的指標常常用來評估其波束成形的效能。因此,本論文討論了相位誤差與增益誤差如何影響波束成形以及各種不同相移架構所帶來的優缺點。此外,也透過Matlab的模擬進一步驗證這些誤差對相位陣列各項參數帶來的影響。 在傳統的設計中,由於其架構簡單且易達到低功耗,射頻相移是最被廣泛使用的一種架構,然而相移器位於射頻訊號路徑會引入雜訊而降低整體的訊雜比,且使用於射頻相移中被動式的相移器也經常受到製程偏移影響而造成相位誤差與增益誤差。 為此,本論文提出一個適用於18-GHz Ku頻段的衛星通訊應用,使用本地振盪相移的18-GHz變壓器接收機前端電路,該電路使用了校正機制來改善波束成形的性能。藉助於本地振盪相移,可以消除相移器所貢獻的雜訊,所量測到的雜訊指數在6.2 dB的轉換增益下達到4.9 dB。在本地振盪路徑上加上了雙迴路校正機制來減少相位誤差與增益誤差,所量測到的相位誤差為2.78度,而增益誤差達到了0.03 dB,相較於目前已查詢過的論文,本電路達到了最好的增益誤差表現。 To provide worldwide internet service and higher data rate, a lot of attention has been paid in low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications. For users and terrestrial terminals, it is essential to track the signal transmitted by LEO satellites in real time. As a result, the phased array that can steer the beam direction takes responsibility. In order to evaluate the performance of the beamforming in a phased array, the key specifications—phase error and gain error must be analyzed. Hence, how the errors effect the beamforming has been verified by Matlab simulations and the properties of the phase-shifting architectures are also discussed in this thesis. In conventional designs, the RF phase shifting is the most widely used due to its simpler architecture and smaller power consumption. However, the phase shifter located in RF signal path could induce the noise to the receiver, degrades the overall SNR. The passive device used in RF phase shifter also suffers from process variation and then causes phase error and gain error. To this end, a receiver front-end with calibration mechanism based on LO phase shifting is proposed to improve beamforming performance for 18-GHz ku band SATCOM applications. With the aid of LO phase shifting, the noise contributed by the phase shifter can be eliminated. The measured conversion gain is 6.2 dB and the noise figure of 4.9 dB. The dual-loop calibration mechanism is adopted in LO path to reduce the phase error and gain error. Thanks to the calibration loop, the measured phase error of the receiver front-end is 2.78°, and the gain error is only 0.03 dB, which shows the best gain error performance compared to other surveyed papers. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/89156 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202301547 |
全文授權: | 未授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 電子工程學研究所 |
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