多軸車輛懸吊動態性能分析

Abstract

本研究針對多軸車輛之懸吊動態性能進行分析，主要探討各車輛參數對車輛動態之影響。並以MATLAB建立一般化之多軸車輛的數值模型，用以模擬不同軸數之車輛動態，並觀察其時間響應及頻域響應。首先，利用四分之一車模型分析車輛懸吊系統基本性質。接著，分析不同車輛軸數對懸吊動態性能之影響。本研究發現當車輛軸數增加，則軸距濾波效應會較為顯著，使其懸吊動態性能有所提升。然後，分析不同車輛參數對多軸車輛懸吊動態性能之影響，提出懸吊彈簧及阻尼係數配置與重心位置改變對車輛動態之影響的一般化結論。最後，提出最佳化懸吊動態性能之方法，提供多軸車輛底盤之設計依據，並以此驗證所提出之結論。經由本研究之分析探討，可以了解多軸車輛懸吊動態性能之一般化性質。

The purpose of this study is to analyze the suspension dynamic performance of multi-axle vehicles, and to investigate the effects of each vehicle parameter on the vehicle dynamics. A generalized numerical model of multi-axle vehicles is developed using MATLAB to simulate the vehicle dynamics of multi-axle vehicles and to observe the time and frequency response. First, the basic properties of the vehicle suspension system are analyzed. Then, the effect of axle numbers on suspension dynamic performance is analyzed. It is found that when the number of axles increases, the wheelbase filtering effect is more significant and the suspension dynamic performance is improved. Moreover, the effects of vehicle parameters on the suspension dynamic performance of multi-axle vehicles are analyzed and a generalized conclusion on the effects of suspension parameter configurations and center of gravity position on vehicle dynamics is also proposed. Finally, a method to optimize the suspension dynamic performance is proposed to provide a basis for the design of the chassis of the multi-axle vehicle and to verify the conclusions presented. According to the analysis of this study, the generalized properties of multi-axle vehicle suspension dynamic performance is understood.