香港在他方：在臺港人的認同操演與網絡形構

Abstract

本研究以2019年香港反送中運動爆發以來，在臺港人的生活實作與人際網絡為分析對象，並援引Butler的操演性（performativity）概念，嘗試回答本研究的核心發問：在特殊的時空背景下，在臺港人如何展現、重塑其身份認同？首先，本研究發現，港人在社會運動爆發、香港本土認同高漲的背景下，一定程度地透過再現香港的生活方式、街頭意象等實作，維持並強調自身的「香港人」邊界。不過，這邊界並非僵固不變，受到反送中運動影響，民主、自由等價值融入在臺港人的日常實作，成為凝聚在臺港人社群的手段，也為「香港人」賦予新內涵。這些實作既受特定空間支持，也持續生產空間，換言之，在臺港人操演空間的實作，亦同時操演認同。 臺灣高漲的本土意識，雖促成港人來臺生活，但也造成阻礙。臺港兩地民眾得以因「對抗中國」而凝聚，但在臺港人也不免被視為外人，導致其認同操演陷入矛盾。港人在臺灣社會基於「國安考量」而生的排斥下引發的負面情緒，以及定居法規的不穩定，都成為港人離開臺灣的推力。這不僅是在臺港人社群能否延續的隱憂，也凸顯既有在臺港人網絡的侷限：這些社群固然能發揮支持日常生活的功能，卻不見得能凝聚在臺港人的共同體，成為向臺灣政府施壓的力量。

This study focuses on everyday life practices and social networks of Hong Kong people who live in Taiwan after the Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill Movement (Anti-ELAB Movement) of Hong Kong in 2019 and uses Judith Butler’s theory of performativity, attempting to answer the core question as the following: how do Hongkongers in Taiwan perform and rebuild their identities under the particular time and space background? First, this study finds that under the background of the outbreak of social movements and the rise of Hong Kong’s local identity, Hongkongers in Taiwan maintain and emphasize their own “Hongkongers” boundaries through the representations of Hong Kong's lifestyle and street imageries. However, this boundary is not rigid and unchangeable. Under the influence of the Anti-ELAB Movement, values such as democracy and freedom have been integrated into the daily practice of Hong Kong people in Taiwan and give “Hongkongers” new connotations. These practices are supported by specific spaces, and at the same time, continue to produce spaces. In other words, these practices performed by Hongkongers in Taiwan also perform identity. Although Taiwan’s high localism facilitates Hongkongers to move and live in Taiwan, it also hinders them. The people of Taiwan and Hong Kong are able to unite because of “confronting China”, but Hongkongers in Taiwan are also regarded as “outsiders” of Taiwan, which leads to contradictions in their identity performativities. Hongkongers’ negative emotion, caused by Taiwanese society’s exclusion of Hongkongers based on “national security considerations”, as well as the instability of settlement laws, have become the push for Hongkongers to leave Taiwan. These are not only hidden worries about whether the Hongkongers’ communities in Taiwan can be maintained, but also highlight the limitations of the existing Hongkongers’ network in Taiwan: although these communities can perform the function of supporting daily lives, they do not necessarily contribute to the strengthening of HongKongers community in Taiwan. Neither do they become a force to pressure on the Taiwanese government.