臺灣多元族群文化小說華語教學設計研究

Abstract

在華語課程中，小說教學大多著重於語言教學。其實，小說不僅蘊含豐富的語言材料，也是很好的文化教學材料。小說的故事性強，且大多取材於現實社會，能夠具體反映社會現況，具有引導讀者認識現實社會以及引領相關議題討論的作用。因此，小說教學除了作為語言教學的材料之外，還有許多不同的教學面向，等待學者進一步探索。本研究希望融合小說教學及文化教學，藉由小說引導學習者認識臺灣的族群文化，並由不同族群的社會處境，延伸相關的議題討論，促使學習者對普遍的社會及文化現象進行反思。 本文以多元族群文化為選文觀點，選取十篇臺灣多元族群文化小說作品作為教材，針對各篇提出相對應的文化教學內容以及文化議題。在本研究中，以其中的田雅各〈最後的獵人〉以及洪醒夫〈散戲〉兩篇，設計華語小說教學課程，提出六個多元族群文化小說教學的具體環節：（一）語言教學（二）文本討論（三）文本分析（四）文化教學（五）作者介紹（六）議題討論，以提升學習者的語言能力以及對於臺灣多元族群文化的認識為教學目標，開拓探討多元文化為主題的小說教學模式，並發掘小說教學及文化教學的更多可能性，期望帶動相關研究的討論與發展。

Within Chinese language courses, the teaching of novels is mostly focused on language teaching. However, in addition to containing rich language materials, novels are also excellent materials for teaching culture. Novels have a strong story element and most take their subject matter from real society; therefore, they offer specific reflections of societal situations and can guide readers in learning about the society within, as well as leading into discussions of related topics. As a result, the teaching of novels is not limited to the teaching of language; many other ways that novels can be used in teaching are just waiting to be further explored by researchers. This paper aims to integrate novel teaching and culture teaching, using novels as a way to guide learners in learning about the culture of Taiwan’s different ethnic groups and to further conduct discussion on related topics regarding the societal issues facing these different groups. This will encourage learners to reflect upon widespread societal and cultural phenomena. This paper uses ten novels about Taiwan’s multi-ethnic cultures as teaching materials, selecting them based on their diverse cultural topics, and proposes culture teaching content and cultural topics corresponding with each novel. We also design a course for teaching Chinese-language novels based on the novels The Last Hunter by Tulbus Tamapima and The End of the Show by Hung Hsing-fu, including six detailed segments for teaching multi-ethnic cultural novels: 1. Language teaching, 2. Text discussion, 3. Text analysis, 4. Culture teaching, 5. Author introduction, 6. Topic discussion. The educational goals for this course are to enhance learner’s language abilities and help learners gain understanding of Taiwan’s diverse ethnic cultures, developing a mode for teaching novels based on discussions of cultural diversity, and furthermore uncovering more possibilities for the teaching of novels and culture in the hopes of encouraging further discussion and development within related research.