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Title: | 血管擴張劑Pentoxifylline在水體環境中的光降解 Photodegradation of Pentoxifylline in Aquatic Environments |
Authors: | Chau-Shuen Kang 康朝舜 |
Advisor: | 林郁真(Yu-Chen Lin) |
Keyword: | Pentoxifylline,光降解,硝酸鹽,碳酸氫鹽,溶解性有機物質,急毒性,環境水體, photodegradation,pentoxifylline,nitrate,dissolved organic,bicarbonate,aquatic environment,toxicity, |
Publication Year : | 2012 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 近來個人用藥對於環境污染的議題逐漸受到重視,且國人普遍對於藥物使用與回收觀念並不正確,以至於有濫用或任意拋棄藥物的情況,進而對環境與人類健康產生潛在性的風險。本研究的目的為探討一種普遍使用的血管擴張劑(vasodilator)pentoxifylline在環境裡的宿命,並以日光模擬器的模擬光源探討目標化合物的直接、間接與以環境水體為基質的光降解情形。間接光降解以環境水體中常見到的光敏感前驅物質為研究方向,其中包含硝酸鹽(nitrate)、碳酸氫鹽(bicarbonate)與溶解性有機物質(dissolced organic matter,DOM),而環境水體則以台灣北部兩個表面水體做為環境水體光降解的基質。研究結果顯示pentoxifylline無法經由模擬光源進行直接光降解,而在間接光解之部分單獨添加硝酸鹽與溶解性有機物質皆有降解能力,而組合添加硝酸鹽與碳酸氫鹽也具有光降解能力。由間接光降解之試驗可得知目標化合物能經由前述光敏感覺區物質所產生之氫氧自由基(hydroxyl radical)、三重激發溶解性有機物質(triplet excited states of dissolved organic matter)與碳酸自由基(carbonate radical)產生反應進行降解。而以環境水樣為基質的光降解試驗與實驗是合成水質所做之結果幾乎一致,故可以說在自然水體中pentoxifylline在水體中主要影響光降解之物質是前述三種光敏感前驅物質。本次實驗結果證實pentoxifylline在自然水體中不易受到光降解的影響,所以可將pentoxifylline歸類為在環境水體中較具持久性的藥物。其由實驗結果所分析之降解機制亦可應用於廢水處理的環節,以降低個人用藥物對自然環境所造成之衝擊。 Recently, the issue of environmental pollution by pharmaceuticals and personal care products is taken more seriously. The correct concept of drugs use and recycle is not widely spread in Taiwan. This causes drug overuse and dispose without awareness, which has been a potential risk either for the environment or for the human beings. The study investigated the photodegradation of widely used vasodilator drug, pentoxifylline. Direct, indirect and surface water photolysis experiment were processed by sunlight simulator. Three precursors which generate photoreactive species including nitrate, bicarbonate and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were studied individually and in combination in the indirect photolysis batch experiments. Two surface water samples were collected from the metropolitan area in northern Taiwan and were used to study the effect of different water matrices. Results show that pentoxifylline does not undergo direct photolysis. Nitrate, DOM and bicarbonate demonstrated to be important factors for pentoxifylline photodegradation. And pentoxifylline could be reacted by three Reactive oxygen species by three precursors, the hydroxyl radical, triplet excited states of dissolved organic matter and carbonate radical. Although the matrices were quite complex in the two surface water samples, their overall photodegradation rate were consistent with the conclusion of the indirect photolysis batch experiment, it indicates that the selected three precursors are major materials affecting the photodegradation in aquatic environment. The result also explains its high occurrence in the nature aquatic environments. The mechanism of photodegradation may also apply to the part of wastewater treatment to reduce the impact of drugs on the natural aquatic environment. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/63435 |
Fulltext Rights: | 有償授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 環境工程學研究所 |
Files in This Item:
File | Size | Format | |
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ntu-101-1.pdf Restricted Access | 3.77 MB | Adobe PDF |
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