作者作為重寫者：以白先勇〈遊園驚夢〉為例

Abstract

本文旨在透過白先勇短篇小說〈遊園驚夢〉文本內及文本外的翻譯，探討文學名聲和機構如何塑造文本形象。雖自《臺北人》自譯本出版以降，已有不少相關研究探討白先勇作為自譯者的身份及譯本中使用的翻譯策略，但多數研究受制於《臺北人》的整體主題，未能深入探究單篇故事之論述；同時，作者白先勇的文學聲望難免影響評論者對譯者白先勇的評價，而避談譯者部份「彈性策略」下的譯文對原文造成的犧牲。因此，本文將以在原語文化中形象經過重塑的單篇為例，探討〈遊園驚夢〉如何經由白先勇從作者到譯者，再到崑曲提倡者的身份轉變及改編成舞台劇的歷程，跳脫《臺北人》經典選集名篇的定位及「國族寓言」的論述，成為代言崑曲的獨立作品，而藉由文本分析反過來檢視英譯版的〈遊園驚夢〉如何基於翻譯的當下受到選集的制約，而犧牲其中的崑曲論述。本文將作為描述性研究，透過勒菲弗爾的翻譯主張，重訪經典名作，探討白先勇及其《臺北人》的文學聲望如何影響英譯版的形象及出版，並期望藉由說明〈遊園驚夢〉中的崑曲論述如何從選集到獨立作品的過程中獲得重生，又如何在自譯本中受到淡化，而對自譯研究提供新的思考角度，重新審視自譯者權威的意涵及文本內外的翻譯行為如何再現作品形象。

This thesis aims to explore Pai Hsien-yung’s self-translation of “Wandering in the Garden, Waking from a Dream” to illustrate how literary fame and institution shape the image of a work based on André Lefevere’s idea of rewriting. Since the publication of the self-translated Taipei People, many studies have been conducted to discuss Pai’s identity as a self-translator and the translation strategies applied in his self-translation. However, many of these studies only focus on the general theme of “nostalgia” and “diaspora” in Taipei People instead of addressing the individual discourse belongs to a single story. Also, reviewers of the self-translation tend to be influenced by the literary fame of Pai Hsien-yung to applaud the flexible translation strategies applied by the author-translator, therefore neglecting the possible losses sacrificed under such flexible strategies. In view of this, this thesis focuses on “Wandering in the Garden, Waking from a Dream” in the Taipei People collection as it was self-reimaged by the author by means of adapting it into an eponymous play and labeling it as the embodiment of his attachment to Kunqu. The transformation of Pai’s identity from a writer to a self-translator, then to a Kunqu promoter not only highlights the Kunqu-based discourse in“Wandering in the Garden, Waking from a Dream” but also separates the work from the overall image of a “national allegory” in Taipei People. However, the translation fails to reflect the Kunqu-based discourse under the constraints of the image of the collection at the time it was translated. Therefore, this thesis will be a descriptive study that addresses issues arising from both the linguistic, textual rewriting and the extratextual, cultural rewriting of Pai’s “Wandering in the Garden, Waking from a Dream”, so as to exemplify how literary fame and institution influence the image of a literary work, and to rethink the meaning of self-translator’s authority.