科研機構開放式創新營運機制之探討-以imec及ITRI為例

Abstract

創新始終是企業的核心命脈，隨著市場變化越來越快，為了達到有效創新，採取開放式創新模式毅然成為了現今創新機制中的主流。隨著產品週期的縮短、研發成本日益攀升所影響，創新研究機制也隨之而改變，開放式創新逐漸成為企業間的主流，同時也成為科技管理領域研究的熱門議題。 本研究將以imec及ITRI作為研究個案，並以個案研究方法，探討科研機構中的開放式創新營運機制，並分析imec如何從政府資助的研究單位到目前擁有80%以上來自於企業共同研究的經費以及分析ITRI如何透過spin-off與人才技術擴散帶動台灣半導體產業發展。 從研究結果得知，開放式創新模式，因為能夠透過降低創新成本與更快速的產品上市時間，並有機會與其他公司共同分攤風險的誘因，予以成功吸引企業願意嘗試開放式創新模式。除此之外，imec亦掌握了兩項關鍵因素，一為目標與願景的設立加上商業經營的思維使得imec能夠透過企業取得研發經費來源達到脫離政府資助的財務獨立，二為完善健全的合作機制予以保護企業的創新結果，因而能夠在開放式創新的潮流中成為該產業企業的外部創新來源；同時，ITRI肩負初始的配合政府政策帶動台灣產業發展，故在無後顧之憂的政府大力金援下，以人才技術擴散與spin-off方式奠定台灣半導體產業成功的基礎。

Innovation has always been the key factor for any firm. With today’s rapid changing market, open innovation becomes the main innovative mechanism for firms to effectively achieve innovation. With the product life cycle shortened and the research cost increased, changes can be seen during the innovative research process. Meanwhile, open innovation has not only become the lead operation option among corporate firms, it has also become the most popular research topic for the technological management field. This research is a case study of imec and ITRI. By studying the imec and ITRI business model and their operation methods, we are to analyze the success of imec and ITRI, and the role open innovation plays in the semiconductor industry. Through my research, I have discovered three main management implications for the research centers: the influence of initial position and goals on future development, the role of government in operation mechanism of open innovation, and the positive correlation between a complete mechanism and the appeal for industry.