非營利組織策略聯盟網絡治理結構之研究－以「台灣公益團體自律聯盟」為例

Abstract

許多非營利組織透過組成策略聯盟方式，提供服務或進行議題推廣、政策遊說，但聯盟成立後，服務宗旨、組織規模或掌握資源等不同的內部行動者如何溝通協商、凝聚共識，以及聯盟與外部行動者的互動，都是影響聯盟存續與運作的關鍵因素。而近年來由於某些非營利組織爆發財務弊端，使社會逐漸體認到對非營利組織課責的重要，論者並提出課責除透過政府法令予以規範外，也必須由非營利組織建立自律機制，而建立自律機制的方式之一，便是由組織間彼此約定與要求，相互監督以達成水平課責，亦即透過籌組策略聯盟方式，共同達成非營利組織自律之使命。而不同背景、性質的非營利組織，是否能透過組成策略聯盟達到自律目標，也取決於其內外部網絡中各行動者間的溝通、互動情形。 因此，本研究以網絡治理理論作為立論架構，透過個案「台灣公益團體自律聯盟」運作情形的探討，分析非營利組織策略聯盟內外部網絡治理結構，檢視相關行動者的互動情形，探討透過組成自律聯盟，是否確實有助於達到提升非營利組織自律之網絡治理目標，並透過訪談分析與國外案例比較，提出相關結論與建議。

Many nonprofit organizations provide services, popularize issues, or lobby policies by building up strategic alliances. However, after the alliance was established, how do the organization scale or have the resources and so on different internal actors communicate the consultation, the condensation mutual recognition, as well as the interaction between the alliance and the exterior actors, are key factors which affects the alliance to last with the operation. Recently, because certain nonprofit organizations erupt the financial malpractice, causes the society to realize gradually the importance of nonprofit organization accountability, by and proposed that the accountability besides penetrates the government law to give the standard, must by the nonprofit organization establishment self-regulation mechanism. One of the mechanisms is by the organization each other agreement and the request, the mutual supervision achieves the horizontal accountability, that is by strategic alliance, achieves the mission of nonprofit self-regulation collectively. But organizations which have different background and nature, whether can penetrate the strategy alliance to achieve the goal of self-regulation, is also depended on the interior and exterior network communication, and the interactive situation between various actors. Therefore, we take “network governance” as the main rhyme of this study, to discuss the case of “Taiwan NPO Self-Regulation Alliance,” to analyze the interior and exterior network governance of strategic alliances for nonprofit organizations, inspect the interaction of relevant actors, and discuss by the establishment of Taiwan NPO Self-Regulation Alliance, whether to be helpful to achievement the goal of network governance. Finally, this study will draw the conclusion by interview analysis and compared with overseas nonprofit organizations.