鋼斜撐構架含滑動樓板之樓板內力的振動台試驗與分析評估

Abstract

本研究提出並驗證一套適用於鋼構雙重框架建築之滑動樓板系統的受力設計方法。該系統配置全鋼夾層抗彎屈撓束制器（H-SBRB）與自復位彈簧裝置，能在設計基準地震（DBE）層級下控制樓板滑移，以降低樓層加速度並提升整體耐震性能。研究透過三層鋼構雙重框架與自復位斜撐框架之實尺寸振動台試驗與非線性數值模型，精確模擬滑動樓板系統之非線性行為，包括鐵氟龍與鋼材之摩擦界面與水平耗能裝置。此模型進一步擴展至七層與十一層建築，並使用十一組地震波進行非線性歷時反應分析（NRHA），以評估系統在多層建築中的效能。 本研究探討了 ASCE 7-22 規範中兩種樓板設計受力方法：第 12.10.1 節（方法一）與第 12.10.3 節之改良版（方法二）。結果顯示，方法二能更準確預測傳統樓板建築中的樓層慣性力分佈，並作為本研究提出之修正設計法的基礎，透過調整樓板受力折減係數 Rs 來實現。第一階段設計（Rs1 = 1.5）可於 DBE 層級啟動所有 H-SBRB 的屈服，達成樓板均勻滑移，並相較傳統樓板建築降低樓層加速度達 28%，降低樓層側移達 9%。在最大考量地震（MCE）層級下也觀察到進一步的效益。第二階段設計（Rs1= 1.25）提升受力預測準確性，但降低了耗能能力。 綜合分析結果驗證滑動樓板系統在抑制高模態效應方面具高度效果，並提出一套可實務應用於中高層鋼構雙重框架建築之設計方法，以提升耐震表現。

This study presents the development and validation of a force-based design methodology for steel dual frames with sliding slabs equipped with horizontal all-steel sandwiched buckling-restrained braces and self-centering spring devices. The proposed system allows controlled slab sliding at the design-based earthquake (DBE) level to reduce floor accelerations and enhance seismic performance. Full-scale shake table testing and detailed nonlinear models of a three-story steel dual frame and recentering braced frame were used to accurately simulate the nonlinear behavior of the sliding slab components, such as the frictional interface between Teflon and steel, and horizontal devices. These models were extended to seven-story and eleven-story buildings to evaluate performance under eleven ground motions using nonlinear response history analysis. Two diaphragm design force procedures specified in ASCE 7 (2022), Sections 12.10.1 (Method 1) and an adaptation of Section 12.10.3 (Method 2), were explored. Method 2 proved more accurate in capturing floor inertial force distributions in buildings with conventional slabs, and served as the basis for a modified design approach using the diaphragm force reduction factor, Rs. The first design iteration (Rs1 = 1.5) activated full BRB yielding at the DBE level and produced uniform slab displacements, reducing floor accelerations by up to 28%, and frame drifts by up to 9%, compared to buildings with conventional slabs. At the maximum considered earthquake (MCE) level, additional reductions were observed. A second iteration (Rs2 = 1.25) improved force prediction but limited energy dissipation. The results confirm the sliding slab system’s effectiveness in suppressing higher-mode effects and provide a practical design methodology for enhanced performance in mid-rise to high-rise steel dual frames.