應用內部碳定價於銀行放款組合分析

Abstract

本研究旨在探討銀行業如何透過內部碳定價來達成放款組合的減碳目標，並分析相關參與者之決策過程。隨著全球暖化和氣候變遷的加劇，許多國家和企業已制定長期的減碳計劃，力求在2050年前實現淨零排放之目標。雖然銀行業本身不是高碳排產業，但其放款和投資可能支持高碳排企業，因此在減碳進程中具有重要地位。科學基礎減碳目標（Science Based Targets, SBT）方法學已成為金融機構設定具體減碳目標的主要依據，而內部碳定價作為管理工具，能將碳排放成本內部化。本研究認為內部碳定價在銀行達成減碳目標中具有核心作用，除了深入探討設計內部碳定價制度時應考量的因素外，還分析制度實施對銀行永續管理單位、銀行放款業務單位及借款企業決策的影響，希望為未來更深入的數據分析提供研究基礎。

This study explores how banks can achieve carbon reduction targets in their loan portfolios through an internal carbon pricing mechanism. It also analyzes the potential decision-making behaviors of key stakeholders. As global warming accelerates climate change, hundreds of countries and large corporations have pledged to reduce their net greenhouse gas emissions to zero by 2050 or sooner. Although banks are not major carbon emitters themselves, their loans and investments finance industries with varying carbon intensities. Consequently, it is crucial for banks to reevaluate their portfolios and align them with a net-zero economy. Setting collaborative emissions reduction targets is essential for banks working towards a net-zero future, and science-based targets (SBT) aligned with the Paris Agreement provide a reliable framework for establishing ambitious yet achievable objectives. In pursuing decarbonization, banks can implement internal carbon pricing (ICP) as a management tool to drive sustainable practices within their organizations and foster closer corporate relationships to encourage companies in their lending and investment portfolios to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. ICP enables banks to evaluate carbon risks and identify opportunities to redirect capital towards achieving carbon reduction targets. In addition to exploring the factors to consider when designing internal carbon pricing programs, this study also discusses the impact of these programs on the behaviors of banks' sustainability management units, loan business units, and borrowers. The aim is to provide a foundation for more detailed quantitative analysis in the future.