產銷履歷集團驗證產銷班特徵分析－以農作類為例

Abstract

農業產銷班作為我國基層農民組織，結合了大量農民和廣泛的經營土地面積，成為政府施政輔導重要目標。產銷履歷作為一項重要的自願性農產品驗證制度，產銷班透過集團驗證、成員組織化管理與專業分工、技術支持和市場連結等方式，共同遵循品質管理系統，確保了產品品質的一致性和市場競爭力。

本研究基於全國4,758家農作類（不包括養蜂和花卉）產銷班的基本資料，深入分析了其中374家取得集團驗證的產銷班特徵，並與其他非集團驗證產銷班進行比較，並做迴歸模型實證分析。研究結果顯示，產銷班組成人數是影響申請產銷履歷集團驗證的重要因素，每增加1位班員，該班申請產銷履歷集團驗證的機率增加0.3百分點，驗證農民數增加0.072人，驗證面積增加0.055公頃；曾榮獲全國十大績優或優良產銷班取得集團驗證機率高出24.8百分點，驗證農民數增加2.761人，驗證面積增加5.41公頃；相較於其他輔導單位，輔導單位為合作社場的產銷班申請集團驗證的機率高出6.5百分點，驗證農民數增加0.675人。作物種類和區域影響亦有所差異。

研究結果確定影響產銷班參加集團驗證的關鍵因子，其特徵可作為政策制定及輔導對象選擇參考。本研究建議標定潛力產銷班協助建立集團運作、強化組織品質管理系統和推進數位轉型等，是促進產銷履歷制度推廣與應用的重要方向。

The Agricultural Production and Marketing Groups (APMG) in Taiwan are grassroots organizations that combine numerous farmers and extensive farmland, making them a key focus for government guidance. The Traceable Agricultural Product (TAP), an important voluntary agricultural product certification system, allows APMGs to enhance production efficiency and product quality through group certification, organized management, organized specialization of tasks, technical support, and market linkage. This system ensures consistent product quality and market competitiveness.

This study analyzes the data of 4,758 crop APMGs (excluding beekeeping and floriculture) nationwide, focusing on the characteristics of 374 groups that have obtained group certification and comparing them with other non-group certified TAPs. A regression analysis is conducted to identify key factors influencing group certification. The results indicate that the number of members in an APMG is a crucial factor affecting the likelihood of applying for TAP group certification. Specifically, for each additional member, the probability of applying for group certification increases by 0.3 percentage points, the number of certified farmers increases by 0.072, and the certified area increases by 0.055 hectares. APMGs that have won the national top ten exemplary or outstanding awards have a 24.8 percentage points higher probability of obtaining group certification, with an increase of 2.761 certified farmers and 5.41 hectares in the certified area. Additionally, APMGs guided by Cooperatives have a 6.5 percentage points higher probability of applying for group certification, with an increase of 0.675 certified farmers, specific crops and regional impacts also vary.

The study identifies key factors influencing APMGs' participation in group certification, providing valuable insights for policy-making and selecting guidance targets. It is recommended to identify potential APMGs to assist in establishing group operations, strengthening organizational Quality Management Systems (QMS), and providing support for digital transformation measures. These measures are essential for the promotion and application of the TAP system.