衰頹地方的電力驅動：宜蘭舊城鄂王里街區再生的文化展演與轉變

Abstract

蘭城自清代起即成為宜蘭的行政與商業中樞，尤其具備重要的生活支持系統而成為縣民生活範疇的核心地帶。不過，隨著社會動態的轉變，致使鄉村地區的人口外移、老舊街區逐漸蕭條問題慢慢浮出水面。因此，本研究檢視舊城衰頹過程中，宜蘭縣政府如何透過政策引導讓地方展開以文化治理為本的運作機制，並在宜蘭經驗與文化立縣的施政基礎上，強化地域的本土精神與文化底蘊。再聚焦關注鄂王里街區的再生過程，瞭解行動者如何透過空間的串接、傳統技藝網絡的成形，來組織具文化涵量的街區行動，試圖達致再生成效。 透過文化計畫的導入，舊城得以有系統性的針對既有文化空間進行盤點與整合，並將文化設施點的空間串接概念，延伸至技藝網絡的組成，以啟發傳統社群內蘊的結構化力量，嘗試以此來彌補技藝產業衰退後無法作為街區經營主力下的境況。在此過程中，經由文化所策動的各式街區行動，也帶入了外部客群，並吸引青年進駐。據此，鄂王里街區的文化形式得以不再侷限為傳統技藝領域，方能拓展至其他文化展演與消費模式，故在為街區注入新文化能量的同時，也能促成傳統街區的再生。 本研究對於不同行動者的街區模式進行分析，並提出以電力驅動隱喻街區再生的「蓄電」與「充電」理論。詳述街區在缺乏能量而無法順利運轉的狀態下，文化如何轉做電能，供給街區設備需求的動力來源所用，以及街區在電能轉換的過程中，是否會受到其他因素所制約，導致影響再生成果。

Since the Qing Dynasty, Yilan Old Town has served as the administrative and commercial hub of Yilan, especially providing an important support system for daily life, making it the core area for county residents. However, with societal changes, issues such as rural population migration and the gradual decline of old neighborhoods have surfaced. This study examines how the Yilan County Government, through policy guidance, has implemented a cultural governance-based mechanism during the process of old town decline. It focuses on strengthening the local spirit and cultural heritage based on the governance foundation of the Yilan experience and cultural county governance. By concentrating on the regeneration process of the Erwangli Street, this study explores how actors connect spaces and form networks of traditional crafts to organize culturally rich neighborhood actions, aiming to achieve regeneration effects. Through the introduction of cultural projects, the old town systematically inventories and integrates existing cultural spaces, extending the concept of spatial connection of cultural facilities to the formation of craft networks. This approach seeks to inspire the structured power inherent in traditional communities to compensate for the decline of the craft industry, which can no longer be the mainstay of neighborhood management. During this process, various neighborhood actions driven by culture attract external visitors and encourage youth to settle in. Consequently, the cultural forms of the Erwangli Street are no longer limited to traditional crafts but expand to other cultural performances and consumption models. This injects new cultural energy into the neighborhood while promoting the regeneration of traditional neighborhoods. This study analyzes the neighborhood models of different actors and proposes the theories of "energy storage" and "recharging" to metaphorically describe the electricity-driven neighborhood regeneration. It details how culture transforms into electric energy, providing the power needed for neighborhood facilities, and examines whether the neighborhood regeneration process, powered by energy conversion, will be constrained by other factors, affecting the regeneration outcomes.