旋擊：設計基於飛輪的瞬時衝擊力反饋裝置

Abstract

現實世界中的撞擊事件，例如打網球或棒球，受力落在在400-40,000N，且持續時間僅為1-5毫秒。然而，目前的移動方向力回饋技術，如氣流噴射和螺旋槳，僅能產生4N的力量，並且持續時間明顯較長，為50-500毫秒。我們提出了「旋擊」，這是一種基於飛輪的裝置，具有電磁鐵驅動的制動器，能夠瞬間停止飛輪，並在1毫秒內產生22Nm的脈衝。此外，我們提出了一種新穎的控制設計，在初始硬碰撞後立即使飛輪反向旋轉，從而顯著增加了感知到的幅度（p < 0.05），並透過14人感知實驗證實。為了進行使用者體驗評估，我們進行了一項16人研究，比較了 「旋擊」與移動質量（電磁鐵）和氣流噴射在 VR 棒球場景中的表現，結果顯示其在真實感、沉浸感和幅度方面有顯著的改善（p < 0.01）。儘管這個裝置比噴氣裝置重得多，明顯降低了舒適度，但整體上有63-75%的參與者更喜歡它。

Real-world impact, such as hitting a tennis or a baseball, generates impact forces that are 400-40,000𝑁 in magnitude and 1-5𝑚𝑠 in duration. However, current mobile directional force feedback technologies, such as air jets and propellers, can only generate forces of up to 1.6𝑁𝑚 with substantially slower durations of 50-500𝑚𝑠. We present SpinShot, a flywheel-based device with a solenoid-actuated stopper capable of instantaneously stopping the flywheel to generate an impulse of 22𝑁𝑚 within 1𝑚𝑠. Furthermore, we present a novel actuation design that reverses the flywheel immediately after the initial hard stopping, to significantly increase the perceived magnitude (𝑝<.05), shown through a 14-person perceptual study. For user experience evaluation, we conducted a 16-person study to compare SpinShot vs. moving mass (solenoid) and air jets in a VR baseball scenario, which showed significantly improved realism, immersion, and magnitude (𝑝<.01). Despite its weight significantly reducing comfort, it was preferred by 63-75% of the participants.