襲產亦是生活：泉州古城動態保存的在地取徑

Abstract

泉州古城擁有「半城煙火半城仙」的活態歷史城區，在中國歷史文化名城的襲產保護制度下保存了主要的形態格局，卻面臨「歷史城市風貌消失」的困境。歷史城區的風貌構成中包含大量私宅，這些普通建物在作為居民日常生活之場所以及作為城市襲產之間具有內在矛盾。為探究這一問題，研究從中國襲產保護制度的建制歷程切入，分析1949年中國共產黨執政以後，國家宏觀政經背景轉型下的襲產理念發展及歷史城區在地方的保護實踐。並彙整規劃文本，解析日常性建物在這一進程中所扮演的角色。進而筆者指出，保護制度缺失日常性襲產動態演變的基礎認識及價值論述。 對此，本研究首先以類型形態學偏向的實質性、描述性的知識生產方式勾勒出泉州古城從歷史到當下的發展圖景，包括古城整體空間的形態變遷以及近百年來私宅的主導類型及類型過程，建立日常性襲產的動態演變視野。其次，不同於文物古蹟，日常性建物反映了特定脈絡下的生活形式，並在日常生活實踐中持續空間的生產與再生產。為進一步理解抽象的襲產價值與具象個體行動間的關係，筆者從日常生活的中微觀層面探尋日常性建物類型形態發生的動力及思想。基於日常生活理論基礎，研究通過大量空間調查及參與式觀察，關注日常性建物空間維繫與變動的地方生活，形成從個體經驗到結構的分析向度，歸納「見人、見物、見生活」三個面向分別涵蓋的分析性要素，指出日常性襲產的價值在於行動者、物質產物/媒介、空間實踐的三位一體。最後，研究整合上述成果，以泉州古城舊館驛歷史片區為焦點街區，嘗試探索具進程性的在地保存取徑，搭建襲產保護制度與地方生活之間的橋樑。

Quanzhou's historic city possesses a vibrant historical urban area. Preserved under the heritage protection system of China's famous historical and cultural cities, it has maintained its primary urban layout. However, it faces the dilemma of the "disappearance of the historical cityscape." The historical urban area is comprised of a significant number of private residences. These ordinary buildings present an inherent contradiction as they serve both as the everyday living spaces for residents and as part of the urban heritage. To explore this issue, the study delves into the institutional process of China's heritage protection system and analyzes the development of heritage concepts under the macroeconomic and political transformations since the Communist Party took power in 1949. It also examines the local conservation practices of the historic urban area and compiles planning texts to analyze the role played by everyday buildings in this process. The study highlights the lack of understanding and value discourse regarding the dynamic evolution of everyday heritage within the protection system. To achieve this, the research first adopts a substantial and descriptive knowledge production approach with a focus on typomorphology to outline the development panorama of Quanzhou's historic city from its history to the present. This includes the morphological changes in the overall urban space and the dominant types and processes of private residences over the past century, establishing a dynamic perspective on the evolution of everyday heritage. Furthermore, unlike cultural relics and monuments, everyday buildings reflect specific lifestyles within their contexts and contribute to the continuous production and reproduction of space in daily life practices. To further understand the relationship between the abstract value of heritage and tangible individual actions, the study explores the driving forces and ideas behind the emergence of typological forms of everyday buildings from the micro-level of daily life. Based on the foundation of everyday life theory, the research employs extensive spatial investigations and participatory observations, focusing on the local life that sustains and transforms everyday buildings. It adopts an analytical framework that encompasses three dimensions: "seeing people, seeing objects, and seeing life," covering elements of analysis. The study emphasizes that the value of everyday heritage lies in the unity of actors, material products/mediums, and spatial practices. Finally, the study integrates the above findings and focuses on the historical district of Jiu-Guan-Yi, attempting to explore a progressive approach to local conservation. It aims to build a bridge between heritage preservation systems and local life.