臺灣新冠肺炎疫苗接種行為之研究

Abstract

新冠肺炎疫情爆發後，臺灣新冠疫苗接種率於2022年2月約有7成。為瞭解臺灣新冠疫苗接種行為，本研究目的為探討影響臺灣民眾施打新冠疫苗的相關因子。研究採用中央研究院社會學研究所2021年8月臺灣社會變遷基本調查計畫第八期二次調查計畫執行報告問卷II健康與醫療照顧之問卷，統計自2021年9月1日至2022年2月28日，共1,173份問卷。 本研究使用羅吉斯迴歸分析臺灣民眾有無施打新冠疫苗及有無意願免費施打新冠疫苗與社會經濟地位、網路搜尋接種疫苗資訊頻率、對於政府信任度、對於疫苗態度、有無施打流感疫苗、健康識能之相關性。結果顯示無施打新冠疫苗的民眾，主要為男性、年紀輕、教育程度較低、月收入3萬元以下、之前未施打流感疫苗、對政府信任度減少、很少及從不網路搜尋疫苗接種頻率、認同疫苗是壞處大於好處。不願免費施打新冠疫苗的民眾則多為未施打流感疫苗、對政府信任度減少、很少及從不網路搜尋疫苗接種頻率、認同對於疫苗態度是同意壞處大於好處。本研究為疫情相對較為平穩期間之問卷調查研究，建議未來亦可分析疫情影響新冠疫苗接種意願情形。

After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the vaccination rate for COVID-19 in Taiwan is approximately 70 percent in February, 2022. To understand the vaccination behavior of Taiwanese people regarding COVID-19, the study aims to investigate the reasons that affect the willingness to receive vaccination. The study utilized the questionnaire from 2021 Taiwan Social Changes Survey (Round 8, Year 2): Health. The data was collected from September 1, 2021, to February 28, 2022, with a total of 1,173 questionnaires. Logistic regression was employed to examine the correlations between the Taiwanese population's COVID-19 vaccination status, willingness to receive the vaccine for free, and their socioeconomic status, frequency of searching for vaccine-related information online, trust in the government, attitudes towards vaccines, influenza vaccination history, and health literacy. The findings indicate that individuals who have not received the COVID-19 vaccine revealed significant differences in male, young in age, having a lower level of education, a monthly income of less than NT$ 30,000, not receiving the influenza vaccine, reduced trust in the government, rarely or never searching for vaccine-related information online, and having a negative attitude towards the vaccine with perceived disadvantages outweighing the benefits. For those who have no preference for receiving free vaccination, significant differences were shown in not receiving the influenza vaccine, reduced trust in the government, rarely or never searching for vaccine-related information online, and having a negative attitude towards the vaccine with perceived disadvantages outweighing the benefits. The study is conducted during stable pandemic conditions; therefore, it is suggested that future studies could analyze the willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine under different periods of pandemic conditions