我國跟蹤騷擾行為管制之研究

Abstract

近年來，跟蹤騷擾行為時有所聞，惟多數案件常被大眾認知為單純之情殺案而忽視糾纏、跟蹤、騷擾此類行徑所可能對被害人之生活造成影響，甚至造成身心上不可抹滅之創傷，有鑑於此，本論文爬梳國內外相關文獻，試圖建構適合我國之跟蹤騷擾保護模式及立法制度。 研究範圍部分，首先將著眼於跟蹤騷擾之定義、類型化、嚴重性；其次研析我國於2021年12月公布「跟蹤騷擾防制法」之前的法規；再者，參考美國加州法規及聯邦法、日本之纏擾行為規制法（ストーカー行為等の規制等に関する法律）、關於配偶暴力之防止與被害者保護之法律」（原文為「配偶者からの暴力の防止及び被害者の保護に関する法律」，日文文獻中多有簡稱為「DV 防止法」）；最後，進入我國眾版本跟蹤騷擾立法草案之研析及2021年12月公布之「跟蹤騷擾防制法」評析。 關於研究方法，本論文以文獻分析方法與比較法制為主要研究方法，範圍包含中、英、日文與跟蹤騷擾有關之法律規範、專業書籍、期刊論文、政府法令、官方文件、研究報告、研討會資料、政府出版品、新聞報導、相關網站資料等。作為進一步論述分析之依據。 2021年12月公布之「跟蹤騷擾防制法」，立意良好卻仍有為德不卒之憾，本文評析並提出質疑，更強調防制教育及性別平等教育、加害人處遇措施等之重要性。法律之規範畢竟有其極限，期待在各方關注及戮力合作之下，能有效防制跟蹤騷擾行為，共創友善安全之社會。

In recent years, stalking and harassment have been heard from time to time, but most of the cases are often recognized by the public as pure love killings, ignoring the possible impact of stalking and harassment on the lives of the victims, and even causing indelible physical and mental harm. In view of this, this thesis collects the relevant domestic and foreign literature, trying to construct a stalking harassment protection model and a legislative system suitable for our country. In the scope of the research, firstly, we will focus on the definition, classification, and severity of stalking and harassment; secondly, we will analyze the laws and regulations before the promulgation of the " Stalking and Harassment Prevention Act " in December 2021; thirdly, we will refer to the California regulations and federal laws of the United States, and Japan’s Anti-Stalking Act (ストーカー行為等の規制等に関する法律), Act on the Prevention of Spousal Violence and the Protection of Victims (the original text is "配偶者からの暴力の防止及び被害者の保護に関する法律", and many Japanese documents are referred to as "DV 防止法"); Finally, it enters the research and analysis of the various versions of the stalking and harassment legislation draft in Taiwan and the analysis of the Stalking and Harassment Prevention Act passed in 2021. Regarding research methods, this thesis uses literature analysis methods and comparative legal system as the main research methods, covering legal norms, professional books, journal papers, government decrees, official documents, research reports, and seminars related to stalking and harassment in Chinese, English, and Japanese Materials, government publications, news reports, related website materials, etc. as a basis for further analysis. The Stalking and Harassment Prevention Act announced in December 2021 has good intentions, but it still has regrets. This article analyzes and raises doubts, emphasizing the importance of prevention education, gender equality education, and measures to deal with perpetrators. After all, legal norms have their limits. It is expected that with the attention and cooperation of all parties, stalking and harassment can be effectively prevented, and a friendly and safe society can be created together.