非營利組織之議題管理探討-以公民監督國會聯盟推動國會透明化為例

Abstract

「議題管理」是非營利組織推動組織章程宗旨、目標的非常重要手段之一，議題管理牽涉到組織政策目標形成、內部及外部目標對象溝通、危機管理、志工召募、募款、社區關係、媒體操作、政策及法規遊說、串連結盟、選舉施壓等面向，這些都是讓組織可以順利募集資源，完成組織任務的重要手段，這專業不該僅專屬於政府、政黨或者企業運用。 本論文撰寫者以其投入工作十一年，專責以監督國會之組織「社團法人公民監督國會聯盟」（簡稱公督盟）作為研究對象，從「議題管理」與遊說倡議的角度來看公督盟如何推動國會透明。同時也記錄公督盟從國會第七屆開始，在推動國會透明化過程中的歷史脈絡、議題管理操作與重要貢獻。期盼可以讓更多非營利組織工作者，了解如何擬定符合自己組織條件的議題管理策略及倡議、遊說等工具，藉此讓組織的宗旨目標，最終可以順利推動，甚至形成法律，成為政府必須依法行政、人民與法有據來的重要規範，鼓勵非營利組織工作者可以更積極有效的方式來接觸政治，推動政策。

本論文研究之主要問題，包括： 1. 非營利組織與議題管理意涵探討？兩者之間的關連是什麼？ 2. 非營利組織倡議所運用的議題管理方法有哪些？ 3. 公督盟運用議題管理推動國會透明化的經驗。 4. 公督盟在推動國會透明化過程在使用議題管理手段之侷限。

"Issue Management" is one of the important means for a non-profit organization to advance and carry out the purposes and goals of its constitution. Issue management involves the formation of goals of an organization’s policies, communications with internal and external targets, crisis management, volunteer recruitment, fund raising, relations with communities, operation of the mass media, lobbying for policies and laws, alliance formation, putting pressure by using elections etc., and that is an important method for organizations to collect resources and finish their missions. This profession should not only belong to governments and political parties, or used only by businesses.

The author of this paper has chosen Citizen Congress Watch (The CCW) which supervises the Legislative Yuan as the target of the study. The paper is based on the 11-year working experience of the author and is to observe how the CCW is advocating the transparency of the Legislative Yuan from the aspects of Issue Management and lobbying.

Also they have recorded the history, the operation of issue management, and other important contributions during the process of advocating the transparency of the Legislative Yuan by the CCW since the 7th session of the Legislative Yuan. It is expected that more non-profit organization workers will understand how they can draw up issue management strategies which meet the conditions of their organizations and use tools like initiatives, lobbying etc. to carry out the goals and objects of their organizations smoothly and even to make them become laws. Therefore, the government has to govern by law, and the law is based on these important norms and people obey these norms. So, non-profit organization workers can be encouraged to approach politics and promote policies more actively and effectively.

The main issues studied in this paper include:

The discussion on the implications of non-profit organizations and those of issue management. What is the relation between them?

What are the methods of issue management used by nonprofit organizations when they initiate something?"

The experience that Citizen Congress Watch (The CCW) advanced the transparency of the Legislative Yuan with issue management.

The limitation of the means of issue management used by the CCW when it was advancing the transparency of the Legislative Yuan.