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Title: | 因應人口變遷之自來水管網未來承載能力評估與管理研究 Assessment and management of future capacity of water supply network due to population change |
Authors: | Yu-Chun Wang 王俞鈞 |
Advisor: | 闕蓓德 |
Keyword: | EPANET,管線更新計畫,用水量評估,自來水管網設計,餘氯分析,水齡分析,工程效益分析, EPANET,pipeline renewal,water consumption assessment,water network design,chlorine analysis,water age analysis,project benefit analysis, |
Publication Year : | 2022 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 台灣近年來少子化問題日趨嚴重,到了西元2020年代開始出現生育率低於死亡率的狀態,都市人口也逐漸衰退,依據國發會的預測未來五十年可能減少約32%的人口。現代人類生活與自來水息息相關,人口的數量往往直接影響到自來水需求量,在人口萎縮的未來,都市自來水設備的供給量能亦需要同步減少,以避免過多自來水滯留於管線系統中,除增加維運成本,亦讓水質腐敗,使供水品質下降。 自來水供水系統是都市建設或開發計畫中重要的一部分,而自來水系統在規劃上無法像電力以空中纜線迅速且成本較低的方式施工,需要佔用大量土地,埋設管線與興建儲水設施,無論施工或後續維護所消耗成本甚鉅。在施工前需要詳盡的盤查與規劃,如計算用水人口、管線長度、施工耗時等等,以避免施作出不符需求的設施,浪費有限的經費及物力。 本研究考慮未來人口下降趨勢與用水量改變,擬定自來水供水管網的未來更新計畫,為了確保更新後的效益,本研究將研究區域中管線進行分類,並制定4種縮管程度,經排列組合後共64種方案,經美國環保署所開發的EPANET建模後以模擬值篩選出25個符合供水需求的口徑變更程度組合,並以施工成本、流速及水齡改善等指標進行各方案效益評價。其中相較於維持原管線口徑,方案133(等級A縮管1級; 等級B與C縮管3級)施工經費最為低廉,且整體管網中自來水滯留時間下降幅度最大;而方案231(等級A縮管2級; 等級B縮管3級;等級C縮管1級)的管網流速改善成效較佳。通過模擬不同口徑組合的新型態管網,以及後續的更新效益分析,可作為未來自來水事業在評估管線更新時的參考資料。 he problem of Taiwan lower birth rate has been increasingly serious in recent years, and the fertility rate has been below the mortality rate since the 2020's. The urban population is also gradually declining, and according to the prediction of the NDC, the population may decrease by 32% in the next 50 years. In a shrinking population, the urban water facilities will need to be reduced in order to avoid excess water being retained in the pipeline system, which will not only increase maintenance costs, but also allow the water quality to deteriorate and degrade the quality of the water supply. Water supply systems are an important part of urban construction or development plans, which require a large amount of land to burying pipelines and building water storage facilities. The water system will consume significant costs for both construction and subsequent maintenance. Investigation and planning is necessary before construction In order to ensure the effectiveness of the renewal, the study classified the pipelines in the study area and worked out 64 options by classified four types of water pipe. The benefits of each option were evaluated in terms of construction cost, flow velocity, and water age improvement. Compared with maintaining the original pipe diameter, Option 133 (Class A Reduced Pipe Class 1; Class B and C Reduced Pipe Class 3) has the lowest construction cost and the largest water age reduction in the network; while Option 231 (Class A reduced pipe grade 2; Class B reduced pipe grade 3; Class C reduced pipe grade 1) has better results in improving the velocity of flow of this network. By simulating of 64 pipe network improvement with different diameter combinations and analyzing the subsequent renewal benefits, it can be used as a choice and reference for the future water utility in evaluating pipe renewal. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/85463 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202203912 |
Fulltext Rights: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
metadata.dc.date.embargo-lift: | 2022-09-30 |
Appears in Collections: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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File | Size | Format | |
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U0001-2309202214413800.pdf | 7.58 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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