最熟悉的陌生人：一個對斐濟蘇瓦市中族群關係的研究

Abstract

本研究關注南太平洋上的島國—斐濟（Republic of Fiji）的當代族群關係，並以其首都蘇瓦市（Suva City）作為田野地，進一步探討在都市的脈絡下，當地人如何理解、經驗我群與他者。自1970年脫離英國殖民統治、成為主權獨立的國家為始，斐濟歷經了數次政變。其中，主要都與當地兩大族裔群體—斐濟原住民（iTaukei）與印度裔斐濟人（Indo-Fijians）—在政治權力上的拮抗有關。許多相關研究已經指出，當代斐濟動盪的政治氛圍，以及時至今日仍然緊張的族群關係，與其近百年的殖民歷史有所關聯。在此基礎上，我試圖以都市這樣一個特殊的空間場域作為切入點，探討斐濟社會的族群關係從殖民時期一直到當代的轉變。透過這樣的分析，我進一步指出，都市不僅是在空間上提供了不同族裔群體得以大量互動的機會，它同時也成為了當地族群論述的一部分。此外，斐濟社會源自於殖民時期所建立的種族概念也在此族群互動的過程中，逐漸成為一套奠基於都市空間的對彼此的知識。對此種過程的理解與關注，將有助於我們掌握當代斐濟社會的特殊性。

This thesis focuses on contemporary ethnic relations in Suva, Fiji, exploring how local people understand and experience themselves and others in an urban context. Fiji has experienced several coups since it became an independent country in 1970. Much of this has to do with the rivalry for political power between the two main ethnic groups in Fijian society, namely, the iTaukei, or the indigenous Fijians, and Indo-Fijians. Many studies have pointed out that Fiji’s present-day political struggles and ethnic tensions are related to its nearly century-long colonial history. On this basis, I focus on the transformation of ethnic relations in Fijian society from the colonial period to the contemporary period, with urban space as the entry point. Through this analysis, I further argue that urban context not only provides opportunities for diverse ethnic groups to interact spatially but also becomes part of the racial discourse of local people. In addition, the concept of race in Fijian society derived from Fiji’s colonial past also gradually became a set of nuanced knowledge about what race is based on the urban space in ethnic interaction. Understanding these processes, I believe, will help us to grasp the characteristics of contemporary Fijian society.