共享經濟在蘭嶼的「視差」：區塊鏈科技達悟幣與部落智慧魚幣的共享文化

Abstract

達悟幣是以區塊鏈為基礎發行在蘭嶼的社區代幣，為要解決觀光帶來的生態環境問題與創造島嶼金融可能性而做出的創新設計。達悟幣的實驗期間中，推廣與宣傳並非一路順遂，甚至處於停滯階段。本研究以「共享經濟」為主軸關注兩個面向，其一為達悟幣個案本身的設計理念與發展推廣過程；其二為達悟族社會中存有的漁獲共享系統。首先反思基於社區代幣理念出發的達悟幣的設計方案，再深入分析達悟族漁獲共享之社會意涵。本研究採行的研究方法以參與式觀察、深度訪談，以及搭配二手的內容分析與論述分析為主。本研究發現，達悟幣仍處於貨幣系統思維的層次，並非合適的機制設計，而達悟族漁獲共享的深層理念屬於一種「社會責任」的型態，比起個人的貨幣積累來得更凝聚部落。因此本研究建議達悟幣需要跳脫貨幣的思維，改往設計「量化」社會責任的方向與結合傳統「禁忌」作為執行規範才較能體現達悟族傳統思維，且較有可行之機會。

Tao coin based on blockchain technology is a kind of community token, which is designed to solve the ecological and environmental problems caused by tourism, and create the aboriginal, or island, finance. During Tao Coin's experimental period, the promotion of Tao Coin did not go smoothly, or even stagnated. Based on Qualitative methods, I examine on two aspects: one is the design concept and promotion process of Tao coin case and the second is the Fish Sharing System in Tao society. First of all, this research first discussed on the design scheme of Tao Coin based on the concept of community tokens. Then I analyzed the Fish Sharing System to describe its social meaning. This study found that Tao Coin is still at the level of monetary system thinking. The mechanism of Tao Coin is not a suitable design for Lanyu. However, the core spirit of the Fish Sharing System is the way to solve various issues in the Tao society.