水返腳的「往」與「返」－汐止在地社群的社區行動

Abstract

汐止（水返腳）是一個由市街發展起來的河港聚落，位於基隆河中游而潮汐到此為止，在經歷近代歷史與城鎮－市郊－都市近三十年的發展結構轉變下，拼貼了許多不同城市性格和地方感。隨著都市化與交通建設的興盛，汐止的都市地景日漸模糊，也被加諸許多標籤：邊緣城市、臥房城市、通勤城市與災難城市。然而汐止並未因此有更加明晰的自明性，隨著臺北市中心城市引力與新北市都會郊區化的雙重效應，產生大量通勤的生活模式，年輕世代的汐止人與落腳門禁社區的移居者對生活環境產生疏離，在地認同逐漸稀釋，城市的身世、河港城鎮獨特的歷史記憶亦被淡忘。 本研究以行動研究為主要方法，從組織和參與「返腳咖」地方社群開始，作為汐止居民的我和社群夥伴，在富有歷史記憶與生活意義的汐止老街著手實驗若干社區行動，試圖重新建構對地方的認識，探究地方在快速發展和上而下的規劃中有何轉向的契機。我們試圖去重新定義邊緣城市裡公共生活的價值，活絡老街社區。返腳咖在進城離城的「往返」狀態中，重返生活、尋找汐止認同著床的可能，透過日常實踐找到地方感，地方營造成為一種反身性的修補過程，而地方社群的參與和動員，也是返腳行動中不可或缺的支持網絡。 研究中可看見，透過編輯地方，行動者和居民一起重構了地方知識，而策展地方則讓行動者有機會討論空間的公共性與使用想像。無論是編輯和策展地方，透過有意識地選擇與再現敘事，可以讓地方居民看見自己的主體性，甚至形塑地方認同。此行動研究也展示，規劃專業者透過田野過程和地方居民建立關係、互為主體地對話，可以幫助其掌握專業知識和地方知識之間的關係，並辨識可能的參與主體，進而發展更貼地的規劃策略。

Xizhi (Tsuí-tńg-kha), is a river port settlement which flourished from an market street near the midstream Keelung River where the tidal effect could reach. Evolving from a settlement to a township, then from county suburbs to a metropolitan district in the past thirty years, it has assembled different urban characteristics and place identities throughout the course of historical transformation. Following the mega-developments of urban infrastructure and rapid urbanization, the urban landscape of Xizhi has gradually become pale and unidentifiable. Xizhi is regarded as an edge city, a bedroom community, a commuter city, even a disaster city by the public without a clear image. With the pull effects of Taipei City and the suburbanization of the metropolitan New Taipei City, the commuting lifestyles emerged. Young generation and immigrants of Xizhi’s gated communities are often alienated from the living environment, while the memories and history of the old port city fade away from what could have been a unique place. Adopting the method of action research, this thesis aims to reinterpret Xizhi’s sense of place and to explore the opportunities of diverting the rapid development and top-down planning. Self-organizing the local social group 'Re-Xizhi (Fan-Jiao-Ka),' my partners and I have initiated and experimented several community actions in Xizhi old street that contains precious historical memories and meaningful street life. We attempt to re-evaluate the public life of the stereotyped edge city and rekindle the spirit of the old-town community. By commuting to and fro between Xizhi and Taipei, we return to the daily rhythm of Xizhi and retrieve a sense of belonging via participatory placemaking practices. Meanwhile, the participation and mobilization of the local social group members have become an indispensable part of the actions. This thesis reveals that, through the modes of ‘editing’ the place, the actors of a new social group could reconstruct local knowledge and bridge the relationship between the local and the city. Furthermore, via the mode of “curating” the place, the curators exemplify how the sites of exhibition could become public spaces for social imaginations. By consciously choosing and representing local narratives in the processes of editing and curating places, the inhabitants may be able to reclaim their subjectivities, and even establish the identity of place. This action research also illustrates that the dialogue between the locals and the professional planners helps the latter gain insight into the relation between professional knowledge and local knowledge. By so doing, local participants could self-empower to develop more own-to-earth planning alternatives.