指尖陀螺應用於生醫檢測

Abstract

血液檢查是人體健康檢查中最重要的一項，因血液中包含了血球細胞、蛋白質、代謝物、細菌、病毒等眾多生命體及其衍生物，藉由檢視這些生理成分的種類與狀態，人體的健康狀況得以被定義。在進行血液檢查前，必須要先將血液進行血球血漿分離才能進行生理檢測，否則血液成份過度複雜，檢測結果容易受到干擾而失準。傳統上，醫療機構使用高速離心法做為血液分離的標準化步驟，利用離心機在高速旋轉下產生之離心力來分離血球及血漿；然而，在某些資源較為匱乏、落後的地區，人們可能無法負擔起離心機的價格，或甚至連基本的電力供應都沒有，無從進行血液檢查。有鑒於此，本研究提出以手動、不需電力之指尖陀螺為簡易離心平臺，進行離心參數與離心效果之探討。研究結果顯示，本指尖陀螺離心平臺能在數分鐘內完成使用採血針採血之體積的血液離心，且產率與純度分別可達30%與99%以上；而分離出來的血漿經過HIV-1 p24 紙張酵素結合免疫吸附檢測(Paper-basedEnzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, p-ELISA)，檢測之回收率(Recovery rate)可高達98%，代表本分離方法得到之血漿對檢測之干擾極低，印證了本平臺之應用可靠度。以上結果顯示，本平臺能大幅降低血液檢查之醫療成本與時間、保有檢測精確度，適合用於資源有限區域之醫療照護。未來，本平臺期望能將分離與檢測合而為一，使分離與檢測能一步到位，降低本平臺使用之複雜性，為資源匱乏地區的人們提供更方便、簡單、便宜之生醫檢測方法，以促進全球健康醫療資源之平均化。

Blood inspection is a significant item in health examination. Since blood contains blood cells, protein, metabolites, bacteria, viruses and various microorganisms, human health can be judged by considering these ingredients and their conditions. Blood plasma separation must be accomplished before blood inspection, otherwise blood cells and the complexity of blood composition will interfere detection process and thus lead to false and inconsistent results. Traditionally, the most common blood plasma separation method used in medical institutions is high-speed centrifuge, which utilizes centrifugal force generated by high rotation speed centrifuge machine to separate blood cells and plasma. However, in some resource-limited (RL) regions, people might not be able to afford centrifuge machines, or even worse, being lack of electricity and unable to run blood inspections. In view of this situation, we propose a simple, hand-powered and electricity-free fidget spinning centrifuge platform. Here we show the yield rate and purity of 30% and 99% of plasma separated in few minutes, and the highest recovery rate of plasma HIV-1 p24 Paper-based Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (p-ELISA) test is up to 98%, which proves only extremely low interferences occur in plasma detection and shows good reliability of this platform in practical use. To sum up, this platform greatly reduces the overall costs and the time of analysis and retain detection precision, which is suitable for improving medical care in RL regions. In the future, we expect to integrate separation and detection process onto one device to lower the complexity of this platform, provide the people in RL countries with more convenient and cheap biomedical detection methods, and promote the equalization of global medical resources distribution.