利用高分子回收以及溶膠凝膠法合成之熱固性樹脂

Abstract

高分子為每日生活不可或缺的材料，然而高分子不易處理與回收的理由造成環境汙染。由於環保意識的抬頭，綠色化學在近幾年的發展中，逐漸受到重視，為了能夠提升材料的永續性，本論文研究出一系列的新回收方法，不僅能夠以將近98%以上的效率進行回收，並進一步合成出可被分解再利用的熱固性樹脂材料。本論文使用廢棄高分子為原料，進行胺解使廢棄高分子再生為一具有反應性的中間體。不同於現有的高分子回收方法，本論文使用胺類將廢棄高分子分解為不同的具有反應性的中間體，過程中並無需使用觸媒，免去純化的複雜步驟，並且在低於80 ℃的環境下，無高溫高壓的安全疑慮。將此具有反應性的中間體導入與數種化合物與軟段進行之兩步法合成，再經由溶液凝膠法轉化為一熱固性樹脂，進行結構與性質的探討。通過反應中間體之熱裂解模擬實驗中得知，本研究經由胺解廢棄高分子所得之產物鍵結在220oC的加熱條件下會發生裂解，所以我們可以選擇適當的醇類溶劑與其進行反應，使熱固性的塑料也能被特定的溶劑分解，以此達到熱固性樹酯回收再利用以及使其更容易分解回收的目標。

The versatility of polymer is married to the disposal issues when it comes to sustainability in our daily life. As a result, the significance of green chemistry have drawn much attention in terms of structure and properties design in recent years. Comparing to the usual method processing in high temperature and the disadvantage of low yield, polymers were recycled into versatile intermediates efficiently in this study. The success of the useful intermediates was based on an efficient aminolysis process via amine carbonylation reaction in the absence of catalysts under mild conditions. As a result, the intermediates were able to re-connect with another polymer, while acting as reaction sites for sol-gel reaction toward making composites. Furthermore, this polymer networks possessed covalent adaptably networks via the model pyrolysis reaction. Consequently, these polymer network were cracked into pieces and compress-molded into the original shape again.