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Title: | 國際標準化管理體系整合暨稽核實務-以電子相關產業為例 The Integration and Audit Practice of ISO Management System(ISO14001 & ISO9001:2015, OHSAS18001/ISO45001 & CSR) — Electric-related Industries |
Authors: | Chien-Wei/Jowie/Jiann-Wei Hsu 徐健瑋 |
Advisor: | 馬鴻文(Hwong-Wen Ma) |
Keyword: | ISO國際標準,IMS整合性管理系統,分析層級程序法,達菲法,環境考量面評估, ISO international standard,IMS integrated management system,analytical level program method,Delphi method,environmental Aspect assessment, |
Publication Year : | 2017 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 近幾年重大危害環境及安全衛生之事件不斷,如工業廢油回收重製食用油、日月光公司及電鍍廢水廠商繞流偷排廢水,達欣公司、華亞科廠商偽造空污連續性監測數據、麥寮六輕VCM廠氣爆及高雄捷運氣爆、逢甲商圈氣爆等,均顯見環評法及相關環境安全衛生監督法規內有關查核機制效能不彰,雖主管機關祭出執法六大稽查裁罰教戰守則加強「深度稽查」,並依法追討違法者不法利得,惟仍流於「亡羊補牢」、「管末監管」、未作好「源頭管理」之嫌,鑒於企業違規樣態絕多數是企業自主管理不當、便宜行事造成疏忽引起,企業應建立自主管理制度,加強自主管理系統對其做好績效評核把關,讓企業負更大社會責任之聲音乃應運而生。
國際環境管理標準系統系列(ISO 14000 STD Series)的發展,乃全球ISO標準中最被廣泛引用的國際標準,其原因主要在於—此管理標準之「績效管理要求」係符合供需市場之共同利益,進而形成廣泛共識與發展趨勢及2015年的改版內容採用高階ANNEX SL架構易於與其他標準系統如EMS、QMS、SHMS、Energy MS等進行整合。 本研究之中心思想旨在針對電子相關產業的環境污染及職業安全衛生之考量面特性(註:環境基本法之環境包含人為影響),期待以整合國際標準化管理體系及其整合性稽核手法,提出一個能符合整合性管理系統ISO14001 環境管理系統要求、OHSAS18001/ ISO45001職業安全衛生管理系統及ISO9001品質管理系統的建置程序及整合性稽核方法論作組織企業對組織處境風險機會作事先的、預防式的風險管控,俾對大多數電子產業最容易產生的環境污染問題如廢棄物污染 (廢塑膠類、廢電子產品、下腳料品及不良品等) 、廢污水污染、場廠內外空氣污染、化學品污染(毒化物、有機溶劑、特氣等)~ 場廠內安全衛生議題…等環境污染、安全衛生與供應鏈品質相關議題(如衝突礦產…等)能於建立整合性管理系統IMS、併良善運作後能有效管控,並幫助企業在面臨不同類別、不同程度與不同層級的問題時,能有效緊急應變降低其異常的、不確定性衝擊,落實執行環境、安全衛生暨品質整合性管理。 本研究主要研究內容成果摘要如下: 一、透過蒐集彙整相關ISO標準及以往文獻找出新舊版原理(PDCA)及標準條文間之異同。 二、透過二階段專家問卷調查方式DHP法(第一階段分析層級程序法、第二階段德爾菲法)進行評估、進行權重評分計算,得出權重,加以專家評分作為企業選擇系統及整合那些系統之決策參考。 三、DHP分析成果可顯示不同企業類型度對於管理系統的喜好,並將ISO標準管理系統2015年版起改版標準條文重點較不易掌握處,做重點詳細的剖析(如環境考量面評估)詮釋並提出與CSR報告書結合之作法。 四、嘗試利用改版雛型之可整合、可擴張框架特性,產出整合型之查對表及可供參考之一套整合國際標準管理系統(ISO14001:2015、ISO9001:2015、OHSAS18001/ISO45001、CSR)」的參考程序及標準稽核流程方法,完成一套運作標準作業程序(SOP),作為引導企業體第一者自主管理與內部檢查、自主對第二者外包供應鏈(物料、供應商、建教合作人才)之稽核、接受第三者驗證機構及監督機構之整合稽核的標準系統參考規範及讓輔導顧問、主管監督單位與企業體均有所依循的參考方法,使企業體於建制、自主管理完善、預先整合檢查、滿足客戶供應鏈需求、取得整合合格證書之際,尚能善盡社會責任、遵守應遵守義務避免被主管機關開罰,取得良好聲譽利於獲取國內外訂單,俾得以永續經營,結合主管機關、利害相關團體及社會大眾三者成為保護生命安全衛生與環境互助合作成長的命運共同體。 In recent years, major environmental and safety and health incidents continue, such as industrial waste oil recovery of fresh oil, ASE Group and electroplating wastewater manufacturers flow around & Illegal discharge the waste water, Daxin Comp., Huaya Branch manufacturers forged air pollution continuity monitoring data , McLiao six light Oil /VCM plant gas explosion and Kaohsiung MRT gas explosion, Fengjia district(Taichung) gas explosion, etc., are obvious that the EIA and related environmental safety and health supervision and regulations within the relevant verification mechanism ineffective, although the competent authorities resorted to law enforcement six To examine the Code of Correctional Punishment in order to strengthen the 'depth audit' and to recover the illegal gains of the offenders according to law, but still in the 'remedy', 'end of the supervision', not to 'source management' suspected, in view of corporate irregularities The majority of enterprises are self-management improperly, cheap action caused by negligence caused by enterprises should establish a self-management system to strengthen the self-management system performance evaluation, so that enterprises bear greater social responsibility of the sound came into being. The development of the ISO 14000 STD’s Series is the most widely cited international standard in the global ISO standard. The main reason is that the 'performance management requirements' of this management standard are in line with the common interests of the supply and demand market. The formation of a broad consensus and development trends, its revised content in 2015 using high-end ANNEX architecture easy with other standard systems such as EMS, QMS, SHMS, Energy MS, etc. to integrate. The central idea of this study is aimed at the environmental pollution of the electronics industry and the occupational safety and health aspects of the consideration (Note: the environmental law of the environment contains people/ Human influence), look forward to the integration of international standardization management system effective management and integrated audit approach One can meet the integrated management system ISO14001 environmental management system requirements, OHSAS18001 / ISO45001 occupational safety and health management system and ISO9001 quality management system construction procedures reference and integrated audit methodology for the organization of business opportunities for the organization of the opportunity to advance, (Waste plastic, waste electronic products, lower items and bad products, etc.), waste water pollution, air pollution inside and outside the plant, chemical industry, and so on. (Such as conflict minerals, etc.) can be established in the integrated management system IMS and good (such as the impact of mineralization, etc.) Good operation can do effective control and help enterprises to implement the implementation of the environment, security and health Cum quality management in the face of problems of different categories, with different degrees at different levels, can effectively reduce the abnormal emergency, uncertainty shock. The main contents of this study are summarized as follows: First, through the collection of the relevant ISO standards and the previous literature to find out the old and new principles (PDCA) and the standard between the similarities and differences between. Second, through the two-stage expert questionnaire DHP method ( the first stage of the analysis of the level of procedural law, the second stage of the Delphi method ) to assess the weight score calculation, the weight, expert rating as a business selection system and integration of those systems Decision making reference. Third, DHP analysis results can show different types of business for the management system preferences, and the ISO standard management system in 2015 version of the revised version of the standard focus on the more difficult to grasp, do a detailed analysis of the details (such as environmental assessment) interpretation and put forward Work with CSR report. (ISO14001: 2015, ISO9001: 2015, OHSAS18001 / ISO45001, CSR) which can be used to integrate the international standard management system (ISO14001: 2015, (SOP), as a guide to the enterprise body of the first self-management and internal inspection, independent of the second outsourced supply chain (materials, suppliers, teaching and learning), the implementation of a standard operating procedures (SOP) Cooperation personnel) audit, to accept the third party verification agencies and supervisory agencies of the integrated audit of the standard system reference norms and counseling consultants, supervisors and enterprises in charge of the body have to follow the reference method, so that enterprises in the system, self-management Improve the pre-integrated inspection to meet customer supply chain needs, to obtain the occasion of the integration of qualified certificates, still able to do social responsibility, to comply with the obligation to avoid being punished by the competent authorities, to obtain a good reputation to obtain domestic and foreign orders, Management, combined with the competent authorities, interested parties and the community to become the protection of life safety and health and environmental assistance As a community of destiny growth. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/77668 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201704173 |
Fulltext Rights: | 未授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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