中華民國（臺灣）透過政府開發援助進行非正式外交– 以國合會泰國援助計畫為案例

Abstract

中華民國（臺灣）自1971年退出聯合國之後，一直受到中華人民共和國（中國）在國際場域上施予強大壓力。截至2020年7月止，中華民國（臺灣）僅剩15個邦交國，並與少數友好國家維持良好關係。中華民國（臺灣）政府開發援助是與友邦及友好國家維持關係的方法之一。本研究將透過案例分析中華民國（臺灣）政府開發援助透過財團法人國際合作發展基金會（國合會）在泰國進行援助，分析包含STP區隔—目標—定位、PESTLE環境分析、五力分析、SWOT強弱危機分析、產業結構、商業模式圖、Ansoff Matrix安索夫矩陣等。中華民國（臺灣）自1969年開始協助「泰王山地計畫」（泰國皇家計畫基金會前身），而國合會自2011年開始與泰國皇家計畫基金會進行合作，成效卓著。全球蔬果加工市場產值預計會從2017年的2,459.7億美元成長到2022年的3,460.5億美元。此外，電子商務預估在2021年會成長到4.88兆美元。中華民國（臺灣）在加工產品與電子商務方面具備專業，未來國合會與泰國皇家計畫基金會應在相關方面進一步合作，協助泰國皇家計畫基金會擴展。中華民國（臺灣）在外交上的國際能見度相對低，而泰國皇家計畫基金會係與泰國皇室有直接關係，亦對中華民國（臺灣）相對友善，中華民國（臺灣）應持續透過國合會協助泰國皇家計畫基金會。中華民國（臺灣）可藉此傳遞其頂尖能力與科技得以協助亞太地區戰略國家泰國。泰國皇家計畫基金會每年亦籌組數團至中華民國（臺灣），並進行農資材採購，對於中華民國（臺灣）廠商出口有助益。綜上所述，謹建議中華民國（臺灣）與泰國皇家計畫基金會之合作應持續辦理。

NAME： Lawrence Chiao-Shan Lee MONTH/YEAR：July, 2020 ADVISOR：Ruey-Shan Guo, Ph.D. TITLE：Indirect Diplomatic Relations of the ROC (Taiwan) via the ODA (Official Development Assistance) – A Case Study of the TaiwanICDF’s Technical Assistance Projects in Thailand Since the ROC (Taiwan) exited the United Nations in 1971 due to the pressure imposed by the PRC (China), the ROC (Taiwan) has merely 15 diplomatic allies left as of July 2020 and maintains relationships with friendly countries. The ROC (Taiwan) Official Development Assistance (ODA) is a means to maintain relations with diplomatic allies and friendly countries. In this work, a case study on the ROC (Taiwan) ODA via the TaiwanICDF in Thailand is analyzed through STP, PESTLE Analysis, Five Forces Analysis, SWOT Analysis, Industrial Structure, Business Model Canvas and Ansoff Matrix. The ROC (Taiwan) ODA began to assist Thailand’s Northern Highland Royal Project in 1969, and the TaiwanICDF has begun cooperating with the Royal Project Foundation (Thailand) since 2011. The global fruit and vegetable processing market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.1% from USD 245.97 billion in 2017 to reach USD 346.05 billion by 2022. In addition, e-commerce is also projected to grow to USD 4.88 trillion in 2021. The TaiwanICDF and the Royal Project Foundation (Thailand) should partner up in investing in processed food production and e-commerce since the TaiwanICDF can bring in Taiwan’s expertise in these two areas to help the Royal Project Foundation (Thailand) to grow. Given that the ROC (Taiwan) has very limited diplomatic visibility in international arena, and the Royal Project Foundation (Thailand) is directly associated with Thai royalty and is relatively friendly to the ROC (Taiwan), it is initially suggested that the ROC (Taiwan) continues to assist the Royal Project Foundation (Thailand) through the TaiwanICDF. The reasons are as follows. First, the ROC (Taiwan) can send out a clear message that it is capable of helping a strategic country such as Thailand in the Asia-Pacific region, which translates into that the capabilities and technology of the ROC (Taiwan) are outstanding. Second, the Royal Project Foundation (Thailand) organizes multiple group visits to the ROC (Taiwan) yearly, and the organization does purchase agricultural products and materials from the ROC (Taiwan), benefiting the ROC (Taiwan) businesses in exports. To sum up, it is recommended that the cooperation between the ROC (Taiwan) and Royal Project Foundation (Thailand) should continue.