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標題: | 地景結構與路殺熱點之研究-以土城區大安里及三峽區有木里為例 Study of the landscape structures among roadkill hotspots: A case study of Tucheng and Sanxia District |
作者: | Tsung-Ting Hsu 徐宗廷 |
指導教授: | 林裕彬 |
關鍵字: | 路殺,路殺熱點,兩棲類,爬蟲類,核密度估計,地景結構,景觀指數, roadkill,roadkill hotspots,amphibians,reptiles,kernel density estimation,landscape structure,landscape metrics, |
出版年 : | 2019 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 隨著道路系統的擴張,自然地景受到切割,連帶使野生動物的棲地受到許多負面影響,由於棲地面積縮小,野生動物穿越道路的事件屢見不鮮,除了提高用路人車的危險性,頻繁的路殺事件,對於受道路影響敏感性較高的物種更是一大威脅。近年來公民科學興起,藉由民眾蒐集相關數據比起以往派遣研究人員之方法容易許多,但由於其出自於自願性,因此依然有許多偏遠地區之道路缺乏調查,若有意了解此類數據不足的路段其物種受路殺威脅的情況,則仍有藉由研究人員固定調查之必要。
本研究藉由定期於新北市土城及三峽區四條山區樣線進行現地之調查,蒐集不同動物類群之路殺數據,建立資料庫進行分析,並以核密度估計之方式識別出路殺熱點所在位置,探討各物種群隨著時間、空間之路殺分布模式,最後,透過與地景結構相關之景觀指數分析,以描述路殺熱點路段及非熱點路段間的景觀差異性。 研究結果顯示,路殺事件之時空間分布模式受各樣線相異環境因子影響下呈現截然不同的趨勢,但各樣線路殺之物種類群主要皆為無尾目、蜥蜴亞目及蛇亞目三類,顯示兩棲爬蟲類是山區道路中受到路殺影響最為嚴重之物種類群,且路殺高峰期主要皆位於春、夏兩季。道路兩側之結構物如紐澤西護欄、高聳的擋土牆及邊坡設計可能是動物穿越道路之阻礙。而地景結構之分析則顯示,土城區樣線其路殺熱點處之景觀結構有著較大面積的森林嵌塊體,並且總體景觀之異質性較低,而三峽區樣線其路殺熱點處卻有著森林嵌塊體面積小、連通性低及景觀破碎化的情形,推測路殺熱點之促成若僅利用地景結構來說明路殺熱點之形成因素,其解釋力較薄弱,可能與溪流及水體之存在等其他因素有著更重要的關聯性。 藉由總年度路殺點位分布之分析,本研究於各樣線劃設多處路殺熱點路段,提供此四條樣線路殺事件較為群聚之地點,作為未來擬定減緩措施位置之參考依據,且建議優先針對三峽區115鄉道進行路殺減緩的改善,並採用暫時性之軟性手法先行監測成效,評估需求後再考量是否有興建永久性之工程結構物的必要。 本研究所調查之資料及分析之結果,可提供新北市政府農業局作為其管轄農路的路殺監測基礎,但由於調查時間僅為一個年度,若需要更詳盡且可信的物種及路殺熱點路段資訊,則有待更長期的監測。 With the expansion of the road systems, natural landscape are cut into small pieces of patches, and the habitats of wildlife are affected negatively. Due to the shrinking of habitat, the events that wildlife crosses the road happen more and more frequently. The roadkill events not only put drivers in danger situations, but also become a major threat to species that are more sensitive to road impacts. In recent years, the rise of citizen science has made it easier for people to collect relevant data compared to the conventional way of sending researchers directly to the spots for research purpose.. However, due to its voluntary nature, there are still many roads in remote areas that lack investigation. If one intends to know the species threatened by roadkill events in those data-lacking areas, there is still a need for a fixed investigation by researchers. This study conducts on-the-spot investigations in the four mountainous roads of the Tucheng and Sanxia District in New Taipei City, data on roadkill among different animal groups is collected, a database is established for analysis, and the hotspot locations are identified through kernel density estimation, with the spatio-temporal distribution patten of various species being discussed and explored. Finally, through the analysis of the landscape metrics related to the landscape structure, landscape differences between the hotspots and non-hotspots are described. The results show that the spatio-temporal distribution pattern of the roadkill events are completely different under the influence of various environmental factors, but the species are mainly the frogs, lizards and the snakes, showing that amphibians and reptiles are the most severely affected species by roadkill in mountainous roads. And the peak period of roadkill is mainly in spring and summer. Structures on both sides of the road such as the Jersey barrier, towering retaining walls and slope design may be obstacles to animals when acrossing the road. In addition, the analysis of the landscape structure shows that the landscape structure of the Tucheng District research area has a larger area of forest patches, and the overall landscape heterogeneity is lower, while the Sanxia District research area has a smaller area and lower connectivity of forest patches. The total landscape in Sanxia District is more fragmental in roadkill hotspots. It is speculated that if only use the landscape structure to illustrate the formation factors of the roadkill hotspot, the explanatory power would be weak, and therefore may have more important correlations with the existence of streams and water bodies or other factors. Through the analysis of the annual roadkill locations, this study has set up several roadkill hotspots on each road to provide a location where the roadkill events are clustered, which is able to serve as a reference for future plans to set the mitigation measures. It is recommended to give priority to the improvement of roadkill mitigation for the 115 township roads in the Sanxia District, and use temporary techniques to monitor the effectiveness first. After assessing the demand, it is necessary to consider whether there is a need for a permanent construction structure. The results of the survey and the analysis can be provided to New Taipei City government as the base for monitoring roadkill events on agricultural roads, but since the investigation period is only one year, longer term of monitoring is demanded if there is a need for more detailedand credible roadkill species as well as hotspots information. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74391 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201902982 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 生物環境系統工程學系 |
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