請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74391
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 林裕彬 | |
dc.contributor.author | Tsung-Ting Hsu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 徐宗廷 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T08:33:17Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2022-08-23 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2019-08-23 | |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2019-08-09 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Almeida-Gomes, & Rocha. (2014). Landscape connectivity may explain anuran species distribution in an Atlantic forest fragmented area. Landscape Ecology, 29(1), 29-40.
Anderson. (2009). Kernel density estimation and K-means clustering to profile road accident hotspots. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 41(3), 359-364. Andrews, & Gibbons. (2005). How do highways influence snake movement? Behavioral responses to roads and vehicles. Copeia, 2005(4), 772-782. Aresco. (2005). Mitigation measures to reduce highway mortality of turtles and other herpetofauna at a north Florida lake. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 69(2), 549-560. Arnold. (2016). Spatial, Roadway, and Biotic Factors Associated with Barn Owl (Tyto alba) Mortality and Characteristics of Mortality Hotspots Along Interstates 84 and 86 in Idaho. Ascensão, Clevenger, Santos-Reis, Urbano, & Jackson. (2013). Wildlife–vehicle collision mitigation: Is partial fencing the answer? An agent-based model approach. Ecological modelling, 257, 36-43. Ashley, & Robinson. (1996). Road mortality of amphibians, reptiles and other wildlife on the Long Point Causeway, Lake Erie, Ontario. Canadian Field Naturalist, 110(3), 403-412. Bailey, & Gatrell. (1995). Interactive spatial data analysis (Vol. 413): Longman Scientific & Technical Essex. Bartonička, Andrášik, Duľa, Sedoník, & Bíl. (2018). Identification of local factors causing clustering of animal‐vehicle collisions. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 82(5), 940-947. Beckmann, & Shine. (2015). Do the numbers and locations of road‐killed anuran carcasses accurately reflect impacts of vehicular traffic? The Journal of Wildlife Management, 79(1), 92-101. Benítez-López, Alkemade, & Verweij. (2010). The impacts of roads and other infrastructure on mammal and bird populations: a meta-analysis. Biological Conservation, 143(6), 1307-1316. Bernardino Jr, & Dalrymple. (1992). Seasonal activity and road mortality of the snakes of the Pa-hay-okee wetlands of Everglades National Park, USA. Biological Conservation, 62(2), 71-75. Blaustein, Wake, & Sousa. (1994). Amphibian declines: judging stability, persistence, and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions. Conservation biology, 8(1), 60-71. Bonnet, Naulleau, & Shine. (1999). The dangers of leaving home: dispersal and mortality in snakes. Biological Conservation, 89(1), 39-50. Bíl, Andrášik, Bartonička, Křivánková, & Sedoník. (2018). An evaluation of odor repellent effectiveness in prevention of wildlife-vehicle collisions. Journal of environmental management, 205, 209-214. Bíl, Andrášik, Duľa, & Sedoník. (2019). On reliable identification of factors influencing wildlife-vehicle collisions along roads. Journal of environmental management, 237, 297-304. Bíl, Andrášik, & Janoška. (2013). Identification of hazardous road locations of traffic accidents by means of kernel density estimation and cluster significance evaluation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 55, 265-273. Bíl, Andrášik, Nezval, & Bílová. (2017). Identifying locations along railway networks with the highest tree fall hazard. Applied Geography, 87, 45-53. Bíl, Andrášik, & Sedoník. (2019). A detailed spatiotemporal analysis of traffic crash hotspots. Applied Geography, 107, 82-90. Bíl, Andrášik, Svoboda, & Sedoník. (2016). The KDE+ software: a tool for effective identification and ranking of animal-vehicle collision hotspots along networks. Landscape ecology, 31(2), 231-237. Cai, Wu, & Cheng. (2013). Using kernel density estimation to assess the spatial pattern of road density and its impact on landscape fragmentation. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 27(2), 222-230. Chainey. (2013). Examining the influence of cell size and bandwidth size on kernel density estimation crime hotspot maps for predicting spatial patterns of crime. Bulletin of the Geographical Society of Liege, 60, 7-19. Chu, Liau, Lin, & Su. (2012). Integration of fuzzy cluster analysis and kernel density estimation for tracking typhoon trajectories in the Taiwan region. Expert Systems with Applications, 39(10), 9451-9457. Clarke, White, & Harris. (1998). Effects of roads on badger Meles meles populations in south-west England. Biological Conservation, 86(2), 117-124. Clements. (1907). Plant physiology and ecology: H. Holt. Clevenger, Chruszcz, & Gunson. (2003). Spatial patterns and factors influencing small vertebrate fauna road-kill aggregations. Biological Conservation, 109(1), 15-26. Coelho, Teixeira, Colombo, Coelho, & Kindel. (2012). Anuran road-kills neighboring a peri-urban reserve in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Journal of environmental management, 112, 17-26. Cramer, & Bissonette. (2005). Wildlife crossings in North America: the state of the science and practice. Crosby. (2014). Amphibian occurrence on South Okanagan roadways: investigating movement patterns, crossing hotspots, and roadkill mitigation structure use at the landscape scale. University of Waterloo, D'Amico, Román, De los Reyes, & Revilla. (2015). Vertebrate road-kill patterns in Mediterranean habitats: who, when and where. Biological Conservation, 191, 234-242. de Souza, Da Cunha, & Markwith. (2015). Spatiotemporal variation in human-wildlife conflicts along highway BR-262 in the Brazilian Pantanal. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 23(2), 227-239. DEGREGORIO, HANCOCK, KURZ, & YUE. (2011). How quickly are road-killed snakes scavenged? Implications for underestimates of road mortality. Journal of North Carolina Academy of Science, 127(2), 184-188. Eggert. (2002). Use of fluorescent pigments and implantable transmitters to track a fossorial toad (Pelobates fuscus). Herpetological Journal, 12(2), 69-74. Enge, & Wood. (2002). A pedestrian road survey of an upland snake community in Florida. Southeastern Naturalist, 1(4), 365-381. Fahrig. (2002). Effect of habitat fragmentation on the extinction threshold: a synthesis. Ecological applications, 12(2), 346-353. Fahrig. (2003). Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity. Annual review of ecology, evolution, and systematics, 34(1), 487-515. Favilli, Bíl, Sedoník, Andrášik, Kasal, Agreiter, & Streifeneder. (2018). Application of KDE+ software to identify collective risk hotspots of ungulate-vehicle collisions in South Tyrol, Northern Italy. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 64(5), 59. Forman. (2014). Land Mosaics: The Ecology of Landscapes and Regions 1995: Springer. Forman, & Alexander. (1998). Roads and their major ecological effects. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 29(1), 207-231. Forman, & Deblinger. (2000). The ecological road‐effect zone of a Massachusetts (USA) suburban highway. Conservation biology, 14(1), 36-46. Forman, Sperling, Bissonette, Clevenger, Cutshall, Dale, . . . Goldman. (2003). Road ecology: science and solutions: Island press. Garriga, Santos, Montori, Richter-Boix, Franch, & Llorente. (2012). Are protected areas truly protected? The impact of road traffic on vertebrate fauna. Biodiversity and Conservation, 21(11), 2761-2774. Gatrell, Bailey, Diggle, & Rowlingson. (1996). Spatial point pattern analysis and its application in geographical epidemiology. Transactions of the Institute of British geographers, 256-274. Girardet, Conruyt-Rogeon, & Foltête. (2015). Does regional landscape connectivity influence the location of roe deer roadkill hotspots? European Journal of Wildlife Research, 61(5), 731-742. Gitman, & Levine. (1970). An algorithm for detecting unimodal fuzzy sets and its application as a clustering technique. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 100(7), 583-593. Glista, DeVault, & DeWoody. (2008). Vertebrate road mortality predominantly impacts amphibians. Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 3(1), 77-87. Glista, DeVault, & DeWoody. (2009). A review of mitigation measures for reducing wildlife mortality on roadways. Landscape and urban planning, 91(1), 1-7. Gomes, Grilo, Silva, & Mira. (2009). Identification methods and deterministic factors of owl roadkill hotspot locations in Mediterranean landscapes. Ecological research, 24(2), 355-370. Grant, Chadwick, & Halliday. (2009). The lunar cycle: a cue for amphibian reproductive phenology? Animal Behaviour, 78(2), 349-357. Harper, Rittenhouse, & Semlitsch. (2008). Demographic consequences of terrestrial habitat loss for pool‐breeding amphibians: predicting extinction risks associated with inadequate size of buffer zones. Conservation biology, 22(5), 1205-1215. Heigl, Horvath, Laaha, & Zaller. (2017). Amphibian and reptile road-kills on tertiary roads in relation to landscape structure: using a citizen science approach with open-access land cover data. BMC ecology, 17(1), 24. Hell, Plavý, Slamečka, & Gašparík. (2005). Losses of mammals (Mammalia) and birds (Aves) on roads in the Slovak part of the Danube Basin. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 51(1), 35-40. HERNANDEZ. (1988). OWL (Athene noctua) IN SPAIN. Raptor Res, 22(3), 81-84. Hoffman. (2003). Frog fence along Vermont Rt. 2 in sandbar wildlife management area collaboration between Vermont agency of transportation and Vermont agency of natural resources. Iosif, Rozylowicz, & Popescu. (2013). Modeling road mortality hotspots of Eastern Hermann’s tortoise in Romania. Amphibia-Reptilia, 34(2), 163-172. Jackson. (1996). Underpass systems for amphibians. Paper presented at the Trends in Addressing Transportation Related Wildlife Mortality, Proceedings of the Transportation Related Wildlife Mortality Seminar. Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee, Florida. Jackson. (2003). Proposed design and considerations for use of amphibian and reptile tunnels in New England. University of Massachusetts Report. Jacobson, Bliss‐Ketchum, de Rivera, & Smith. (2016). A behavior‐based framework for assessing barrier effects to wildlife from vehicle traffic volume. Ecosphere, 7(4), e01345. Jochimsen, Peterson, Andrews, Gibbons, & Drawer. (2004). A literature review of the effects of roads on amphibians and reptiles and the measures used to minimize those effects. Idaho Fish and Game Department, USDA Forest Service. Krempin, & Sullivan. (1981). The seasonal abundance, vertical distribution, and relative microbial biomass of chroococcoid cyanobacteria at a station in southern California coastal waters. Canadian journal of microbiology, 27(12), 1341-1344. Krisp, & Durot. (2007). Segmentation of lines based on point densities—An optimisation of wildlife warning sign placement in southern Finland. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 39(1), 38-46. Langen, Ogden, & Schwarting. (2009). Predicting hot spots of herpetofauna road mortality along highway networks. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 73(1), 104-114. Laurance, & Balmford. (2013). A global map for road building: roads are proliferating across the planet. Located and designed wisely, they can help rather than harm the environment. Nature, 495(7441), 308-310. Leitão, Miller, Ahern, & McGarigal. (2012). Measuring landscapes: A planner's handbook: Island press. Lesbarrères, Lodé, & Merilä. (2004). What type of amphibian tunnel could reduce road kills? Oryx, 38(2), 220-223. Liang, Li, Bai, Xu, & Ding. (2019). Effects of environmental factors on the distribution of amphibians in agricultural landscape. Ying yong sheng tai xue bao= The journal of applied ecology, 30(1), 301-308. Lin, Chu, Wu, Chang, & Chen. (2011). Hotspot analysis of spatial environmental pollutants using kernel density estimation and geostatistical techniques. International journal of environmental research and public health, 8(1), 75-88. Lode. (2000). Effect of a motorway on mortality and isolation of wildlife populations. AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, 29(3), 163-167. Lunney, Munn, & Meikle. (2008). Too close for Comfort: contentious issues in human-wildlife encounters. Machado, Fontes, MOURA, MENDES, & Romao. (2015). Roadkill on vertebrates in Brazil: seasonal variation and road type comparison. North-Western Journal of Zoology, 11(2). Malo, Suárez, & Diez. (2004). Can we mitigate animal–vehicle accidents using predictive models? Journal of Applied Ecology, 41(4), 701-710. Maschio, Santos-Costa, & Prudente. (2016). Road-kills of snakes in a tropical rainforest in the Central Amazon Basin, Brazil. South american journal of herpetology, 11(1), 46-54. Matos, Sillero, & Argaña. (2012). Spatial analysis of amphibian road mortality levels in northern Portugal country roads. Amphibia-Reptilia, 33(3-4), 469-483. McLafferty, Williamson, & McGuire. (2000). Identifying crime hot spots using kernel smoothing. V. Goldsmith. PO McGuire, JH Mollenkopf and TA Ross CRIME MAPPING AND THE TRAINING NEEDS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT, 127. Mladenoff, Sickley, Haight, & Wydeven. (1995). A regional landscape analysis and prediction of favorable gray wolf habitat in the northern Great Lakes region. Conservation biology, 9(2), 279-294. Monge-Nájera. (2018). Road kills in tropical ecosystems: a review with recommendations for mitigation and for new research. Revista de Biología Tropical, 66(2), 722-738. Mountrakis, & Gunson. (2009). Multi‐scale spatiotemporal analyses of moose–vehicle collisions: a case study in northern Vermont. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 23(11), 1389-1412. Nielsen, Herrero, Boyce, Mace, Benn, Gibeau, & Jevons. (2004). Modelling the spatial distribution of human-caused grizzly bear mortalities in the Central Rockies ecosystem of Canada. Biological Conservation, 120(1), 101-113. Olson, Bissonette, Cramer, Green, Davis, Jackson, & Coster. (2014). Monitoring wildlife-vehicle collisions in the information age: how smartphones can improve data collection. PloS one, 9(6), e98613. Périquet, Roxburgh, le Roux, & Collinson. (2018). Testing the value of citizen science for roadkill studies: a case study from South Africa. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 6, 15. Pagnucco. (2010). Using under-road tunnels to protect a declining population of Long-toed Salamanders (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in Waterton Lakes National Park. Patrick, Schalk, Gibbs, & Woltz. (2010). Effective culvert placement and design to facilitate passage of amphibians across roads. Journal of Herpetology, 44(4), 618-627. Pechmann, Scott, Gibbons, & Semlitsch. (1989). Influence of wetland hydroperiod on diversity and abundance of metamorphosing juvenile amphibians. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 1(1), 3-11. Pinowski. (2005). Roadkills of vertebrates in Venezuela. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 22(1), 191-196. Puky. (2003). Amphibian mitigation measures in Central-Europe. Puky, Farkas, & Tóth Ronkay. (2007). Use of existing mitigation measures by amphibians, reptiles, and small to medium-size mammals in Hungary: crossing structures can function as multiple species-oriented measures. Ramp, Caldwell, Edwards, Warton, & Croft. (2005). Modelling of wildlife fatality hotspots along the snowy mountain highway in New South Wales, Australia. Biological Conservation, 126(4), 474-490. Ramp, Wilson, & Croft. (2006). Assessing the impacts of roads in peri-urban reserves: road-based fatalities and road usage by wildlife in the Royal National Park, New South Wales, Australia. Biological Conservation, 129(3), 348-359. Reptile, & Team. (2008). Recovery strategy for the Great Basin spadefoot (Spea intermontana) in British Columbia: British Columbia Ministry of Environment. Ries, Fletcher Jr, Battin, & Sisk. (2004). Ecological responses to habitat edges: mechanisms, models, and variability explained. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst., 35, 491-522. Rincón-Aranguri, Urbina-Cardona, Galeano, Bock, & Páez. (2019). Road Kill of Snakes on a Highway in an Orinoco Ecosystem: Landscape Factors and Species Traits Related to Their Mortality. Tropical Conservation Science, 12, 1940082919830832. Rytwinski, & Fahrig. (2012). Do species life history traits explain population responses to roads? A meta-analysis. Biological Conservation, 147(1), 87-98. Rytwinski, Soanes, Jaeger, Fahrig, Findlay, Houlahan, . . . van der Grift. (2016). How effective is road mitigation at reducing road-kill? A meta-analysis. PloS one, 11(11), e0166941. Sørensen. (2017). Moose-vehicle collisions in Northern Norway: Causes, hotspot detection and mitigation. [JB Sørensen], Santos, Llorente, Montori, Carretero, Franch, Garriga, & Richter-Boix. (2007). Evaluating factors affecting amphibian mortality on roads: the case of the Common Toad Bufo bufo, near a breeding place. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 30(1), 97-104. Santos, Santos, Santos-Reis, de Figueiredo, Bager, Aguiar, & Ascensao. (2016). Carcass persistence and detectability: reducing the uncertainty surrounding wildlife-vehicle collision surveys. PloS one, 11(11), e0165608. Secco, Ratton, Castro, da Lucas, & Bager. (2014). Intentional snake road-kill: a case study using fake snakes on a Brazilian road. Tropical Conservation Science, 7(3), 561-571. Semlitsch. (2008). Differentiating migration and dispersal processes for pond‐breeding amphibians. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 72(1), 260-267. Seo, Thorne, Choi, Kwon, & Park. (2015). Disentangling roadkill: the influence of landscape and season on cumulative vertebrate mortality in South Korea. Landscape and ecological engineering, 11(1), 87-99. Shanley, & Pyare. (2011). Evaluating the road‐effect zone on wildlife distribution in a rural landscape. Ecosphere, 2(2), 1-16. Sillero, Poboljšaj, Lešnik, & Šalamun. (2019). Influence of Landscape Factors on Amphibian Roadkills at the National Level. Diversity, 11(1), 13. Sjölund. (2016). Road and landscape features affecting the aggregation of ungulate vehicle collisions in southern Sweden. Spellerberg. (1998). Ecological effects of roads and traffic: a literature review. Global Ecology & Biogeography Letters, 7(5), 317-333. Teixeira, Coelho, Esperandio, & Kindel. (2013). Vertebrate road mortality estimates: effects of sampling methods and carcass removal. Biological Conservation, 157, 317-323. van der Ree, Smith, & Grilo. (2015). The ecological effects of linear infrastructure and traffic: challenges and opportunities of rapid global growth. Handbook of road ecology, 1-9. van Langevelde, & Jaarsma. (2005). Using traffic flow theory to model traffic mortality in mammals. Landscape ecology, 19(8), 895-907. Vergnes, Kerbiriou, & Clergeau. (2013). Ecological corridors also operate in an urban matrix: a test case with garden shrews. Urban Ecosystems, 16(3), 511-525. Woltz, Gibbs, & Ducey. (2008). Road crossing structures for amphibians and reptiles: informing design through behavioral analysis. Biological Conservation, 141(11), 2745-2750. Wood, Naef‐Daenzer, Prince, & Croxall. (2000). Quantifying habitat use in satellite‐tracked pelagic seabirds: application of kernel estimation to albatross locations. Journal of avian biology, 31(3), 278-286. Worton. (1987). A review of models of home range for animal movement. Ecological modelling, 38(3-4), 277-298. Yue, Bonebrake, & Gibson. (2019). Informing snake roadkill mitigation strategies in Taiwan using citizen science. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 83(1), 80-88. 行政院農業委員會林務局,2012,國有林班地區域野生動物道路致死調查及改善對策探討 朱哲民.(1995).臺灣北部溪流蛙類群聚之研究. 卓瓊玫.(2002).霧社地區拉都希氏赤蛙的族群生態研究. 臺灣師範大學生物學系在職進修碩士班學位論文, 1-51. 林敏宜,王新嘉,王大中,施懿倫,&徐寶琛.(2014).陽明山路殺死亡蛇類調查.華岡農科學報(33), 75-86. 林世強,2009,金門動物車禍調查與分析,國家公園學報第十九卷第一期,31–46 侯文祥, & 張源修.(2005).季節變化對台灣七種蛙類利用水岸邊坡之活動力影響研究.農業工程學報,51(4),54-68. 侯平君.(2008).南仁山生態保護區兩棲類族群之長期監測. 張堡進.(2016).十文溪中, 三種溪流蛙類 (斯文豪氏赤蛙, 褐樹蛙, 梭德氏赤蛙) 的鳴叫位置選擇. 中興大學生命科學系所學位論文, 1-53. 張源修,&吳秉諭.(2014). 臺灣十一種蛙類之行為能力比較之研究. 農業工程學報, 60(2), 1-9. 陳冠儒、鄭瑞富與許金寶,2014,淺談道路建設對環境及野生動物之影響,自然保育季刊,86,28–37 頁 陳怡惠、葉南希、張高銘、黃敬浤。2017。106 年度陽明山國家公園生態廊道監測工作計畫。陽明山國家公園管理處委託報告 曾榮英、蘇維翎,2011,避免野生動物車禍軟體建設優於硬體工程( 上)。 曾榮英,2008,翠峰林道-宜專一線爬行動物車輛輾壓傷害之研究 楊懿如, & 黃榮千.(2006).太魯閣國家公園砂卡礑溪流域斯文豪氏赤蛙族群生態研究.2006動物行為與生態學術研討會,屏東:57. 劉威廷,2011,國道道路致死調查機制、動物通道規劃、動物通道規劃、設計與成果,國道永續經營環境復育研討會。 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74391 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 隨著道路系統的擴張,自然地景受到切割,連帶使野生動物的棲地受到許多負面影響,由於棲地面積縮小,野生動物穿越道路的事件屢見不鮮,除了提高用路人車的危險性,頻繁的路殺事件,對於受道路影響敏感性較高的物種更是一大威脅。近年來公民科學興起,藉由民眾蒐集相關數據比起以往派遣研究人員之方法容易許多,但由於其出自於自願性,因此依然有許多偏遠地區之道路缺乏調查,若有意了解此類數據不足的路段其物種受路殺威脅的情況,則仍有藉由研究人員固定調查之必要。
本研究藉由定期於新北市土城及三峽區四條山區樣線進行現地之調查,蒐集不同動物類群之路殺數據,建立資料庫進行分析,並以核密度估計之方式識別出路殺熱點所在位置,探討各物種群隨著時間、空間之路殺分布模式,最後,透過與地景結構相關之景觀指數分析,以描述路殺熱點路段及非熱點路段間的景觀差異性。 研究結果顯示,路殺事件之時空間分布模式受各樣線相異環境因子影響下呈現截然不同的趨勢,但各樣線路殺之物種類群主要皆為無尾目、蜥蜴亞目及蛇亞目三類,顯示兩棲爬蟲類是山區道路中受到路殺影響最為嚴重之物種類群,且路殺高峰期主要皆位於春、夏兩季。道路兩側之結構物如紐澤西護欄、高聳的擋土牆及邊坡設計可能是動物穿越道路之阻礙。而地景結構之分析則顯示,土城區樣線其路殺熱點處之景觀結構有著較大面積的森林嵌塊體,並且總體景觀之異質性較低,而三峽區樣線其路殺熱點處卻有著森林嵌塊體面積小、連通性低及景觀破碎化的情形,推測路殺熱點之促成若僅利用地景結構來說明路殺熱點之形成因素,其解釋力較薄弱,可能與溪流及水體之存在等其他因素有著更重要的關聯性。 藉由總年度路殺點位分布之分析,本研究於各樣線劃設多處路殺熱點路段,提供此四條樣線路殺事件較為群聚之地點,作為未來擬定減緩措施位置之參考依據,且建議優先針對三峽區115鄉道進行路殺減緩的改善,並採用暫時性之軟性手法先行監測成效,評估需求後再考量是否有興建永久性之工程結構物的必要。 本研究所調查之資料及分析之結果,可提供新北市政府農業局作為其管轄農路的路殺監測基礎,但由於調查時間僅為一個年度,若需要更詳盡且可信的物種及路殺熱點路段資訊,則有待更長期的監測。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | With the expansion of the road systems, natural landscape are cut into small pieces of patches, and the habitats of wildlife are affected negatively. Due to the shrinking of habitat, the events that wildlife crosses the road happen more and more frequently. The roadkill events not only put drivers in danger situations, but also become a major threat to species that are more sensitive to road impacts. In recent years, the rise of citizen science has made it easier for people to collect relevant data compared to the conventional way of sending researchers directly to the spots for research purpose.. However, due to its voluntary nature, there are still many roads in remote areas that lack investigation. If one intends to know the species threatened by roadkill events in those data-lacking areas, there is still a need for a fixed investigation by researchers.
This study conducts on-the-spot investigations in the four mountainous roads of the Tucheng and Sanxia District in New Taipei City, data on roadkill among different animal groups is collected, a database is established for analysis, and the hotspot locations are identified through kernel density estimation, with the spatio-temporal distribution patten of various species being discussed and explored. Finally, through the analysis of the landscape metrics related to the landscape structure, landscape differences between the hotspots and non-hotspots are described. The results show that the spatio-temporal distribution pattern of the roadkill events are completely different under the influence of various environmental factors, but the species are mainly the frogs, lizards and the snakes, showing that amphibians and reptiles are the most severely affected species by roadkill in mountainous roads. And the peak period of roadkill is mainly in spring and summer. Structures on both sides of the road such as the Jersey barrier, towering retaining walls and slope design may be obstacles to animals when acrossing the road. In addition, the analysis of the landscape structure shows that the landscape structure of the Tucheng District research area has a larger area of forest patches, and the overall landscape heterogeneity is lower, while the Sanxia District research area has a smaller area and lower connectivity of forest patches. The total landscape in Sanxia District is more fragmental in roadkill hotspots. It is speculated that if only use the landscape structure to illustrate the formation factors of the roadkill hotspot, the explanatory power would be weak, and therefore may have more important correlations with the existence of streams and water bodies or other factors. Through the analysis of the annual roadkill locations, this study has set up several roadkill hotspots on each road to provide a location where the roadkill events are clustered, which is able to serve as a reference for future plans to set the mitigation measures. It is recommended to give priority to the improvement of roadkill mitigation for the 115 township roads in the Sanxia District, and use temporary techniques to monitor the effectiveness first. After assessing the demand, it is necessary to consider whether there is a need for a permanent construction structure. The results of the survey and the analysis can be provided to New Taipei City government as the base for monitoring roadkill events on agricultural roads, but since the investigation period is only one year, longer term of monitoring is demanded if there is a need for more detailedand credible roadkill species as well as hotspots information. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T08:33:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-108-R06622021-1.pdf: 12585304 bytes, checksum: d0af9dd47f7bac435e84214a3fee76ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 第一章 前言 1
1.1研究動機 1 1.2研究目的 3 1.3研究架構 5 第二章 文獻回顧 7 2.1 各物種路殺事件之成因案例 7 2.2 兩棲爬蟲類之習性與路殺事件之關聯 9 2.3 地景結構及組成與路殺事件之關聯 13 2.4 應用核密度估計於識別路殺熱點 15 2.5 路殺事件之減緩措施 17 第三章 研究方法 21 3.1 研究區域 21 3.1.1新北市土城區承天路 22 3.1.2新北市土城區龍泉路 25 3.1.3新北市三峽區有木里農路 27 3.1.4新北市三峽區115鄉道 30 3.2生態調查方法 33 3.2.1調查時間 33 3.2.2調查方式 33 3.2.3記錄格式 34 3.2.4物種鑑定 35 3.3資料分析方法 36 3.3.1核密度估計 36 3.3.2土地利用類別環域分析 40 3.3.3道路兩側環境因子分析 40 3.3.4景觀指數 40 3.3.5獨立雙樣本中位數差異檢定 44 3.3.6 主成分分析 45 第四章 結果與討論 48 4.1生態調查之結果 48 4.1.1土城區調查概況 48 4.1.1.1土城區承天路物種路殺紀錄 48 4.1.1.2土城區承天路路殺焦點物種 52 4.1.1.3土城區龍泉路物種路殺紀錄 57 4.1.1.4土城區龍泉路路殺焦點物種 60 4.1.1.5土城區承天及龍泉路之活體記錄 60 4.1.2三峽區調查概況 64 4.1.2.1三峽區有木里農路物種路殺紀錄 64 4.1.2.2三峽區有木里農路路殺焦點物種 68 4.1.2.3三峽區有木里農路之活體記錄 72 4.1.2.4三峽區115鄉道物種路殺紀錄 74 4.1.2.5三峽區115鄉道路殺焦點物種 77 4.1.2.6三峽區115鄉道之活體記錄 82 4.2資料分析結果 84 4.2.1核密度估計參數之選擇 84 4.2.2土城區資料分析結果 87 4.2.2.1土城區承天路路殺記錄點位與熱點 87 4.2.2.2土城區承天路土地利用類別環域分析結果 102 4.2.2.3土城區承天路道路兩側環境因子分析結果 103 4.2.2.4 土城區承天路景觀指數及主成分分析結果 106 4.2.2.5土城區龍泉路路殺記錄點位與熱點 114 4.2.2.6土城區龍泉路土地利用類別環域分析結果 120 4.2.2.7土城區龍泉路道路兩側環境因子分析結果 122 4.2.2.8土城區龍泉路景觀指數及主成分分析結果 123 4.2.3三峽區資料分析結果 124 4.2.3.1三峽區有木里農路紀錄點位與熱點 124 4.2.3.2三峽區有木里農路土地利用類別環域分析結果 133 4.2.3.3三峽區有木里農路道路兩側環境因子分析結果 134 4.2.3.4三峽區有木里農路景觀指數主成分分析結果 135 4.2.3.5三峽區115鄉道路殺記錄點位與熱點 149 4.2.3.6三峽區115鄉道土地利用類別環域分析 161 4.2.3.7三峽區115鄉道道路兩側環境因子分析 163 4.2.3.8三峽區115鄉道景觀指數之主成分分析結果 164 4.3 討論 165 4.3.1生態調查及其偏誤 165 4.3.2以焦點物種探討路殺減緩措施 168 4.3.3路殺熱點地景結構之差異 169 4.3.4路殺熱點之不確定性因素 170 第五章 結論與建議 171 5.1結論 171 5.2建議 173 第六章 參考文獻 175 第七章 附錄 186 7.1應用於主成分分析之各景觀指數公式及定義 186 7.1.1土城區承天路之景觀指數 186 7.1.1.1類別層級 186 7.1.1.2景觀層級 188 7.1.2三峽區有木里之景觀指數 190 7.1.2.1類別層級 190 7.1.2.2景觀層級 196 7.2 道路兩側環境因子之圖例 206 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 地景結構與路殺熱點之研究-以土城區大安里及三峽區有木里為例 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Study of the landscape structures among roadkill hotspots: A case study of Tucheng and Sanxia District | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 107-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 任秀慧,蔡志偉,方偉達 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 路殺,路殺熱點,兩棲類,爬蟲類,核密度估計,地景結構,景觀指數, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | roadkill,roadkill hotspots,amphibians,reptiles,kernel density estimation,landscape structure,landscape metrics, | en |
dc.relation.page | 208 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201902982 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2019-08-12 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 生物環境系統工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 生物環境系統工程學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-108-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 12.29 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。