基於課責概念的臺北市議員議事資訊與連任選舉之相關性研究

Abstract

開放政府得以鼓勵公民參與，進而實踐課責得到善治及強健民主社會功能之目的。本研究採用既有資料分析法及文本探勘法蒐集並分析第十屆及第十一屆臺北市現任者議員相關開放議事資訊，嘗試以課責四大核心概念專業、控制、回應及對話為基礎建構候選人行為評價衡量變項，建構具可評性之課責機制框架對現任者議員檢視課責機制的實踐情形，能夠客觀、適時的控制審視民意代表平日的問政立法行為表現是否符合選民的期待。透過假設檢定、相關分析及迴歸分析驗證課責機制於臺北市議員選舉中的實踐情形，讓社會大眾得以作為實質的課責者。研究結果發現，假設檢定驗證僅有部分問政行為表現達到顯著結果，若排除議事行為變項以全部候選人作迴歸分析模型解釋力高達57.4%，個人、政黨屬性及新聞曝光度仍是主導連任選舉結果的主要歸因，顯現出極為顯著的現任者優勢，但若只分屆期檢視現任者的行為表現迴歸模型，就會呈現弱相關未達顯著以及解釋變異量下降情形，消極結果表示在臺北市議員選舉中民眾普遍無法獲取足夠資訊以理性抉擇途徑評價市議員平日作為，本研究建議未來需持續促進政府透明，鼓勵民眾取用開放政府資訊作為理性選民，本研究貢獻建構出具可評性的課責框架作為評價候選人的方針，亦可作為平日裡督促市議員戮力盡職之行為表現，期能喚起民眾課責意識，鼓勵透過選舉實踐課責機制給予獎懲，將適任者連任，不適任者以懲罰性投票使其連任失敗，建立一個具效率及效能的議會殿堂。

The benefits of open government promote public participation that could realize electoral accountability to achieve good governance in modern democracy society. This study collects objective open legislative information from 2006~2014 in Taipei City Council. It measured the legislators’ behavior performance and used to verify did their behaviors been control under voters’ expectation? Explore the relation between legislators' reelection and four main accountability concepts include: profession/personal accountability, control, responsiveness, and dialogue. Data was analyzed using t-test and ANOVA to test hypotheses and also using correlation and regression analysis to measure the accountability framework. It is found that only parts of legislative behavior performance demonstrate significant impact on the results of legislators’ reelection. The results are much attributed to profession, party attributions and volume of news while all challengers and incumbents put to the regression model together and that could lead to explain total 57.4% variance. It is passive to show that whatever good performance legislators had done, it has only a weak correlation with the results of the next reelection. The finding suggests government should be more transparent and encourage citizens to make a voting decision with adequate information through a rational approach to advocate the importance of the accountability awareness to public. Most importantly, the study provides a measurable way to supervise legislators’ behavior performance and keep holding accountability to the voters they served to prevent the sanction voting from public which could lead our legislative agency more effectively and efficiently.