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Title: | 金屬氧化物於高效率、無電流電壓遲滯且具大氣穩定性之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中之應用 Application of Metal Oxides in Highly Efficient, Hysteresis-Free, and Air-Stable Perovskite Solar Cells |
Authors: | Cheng-Hung Hou 侯政宏 |
Advisor: | 蔡豐羽 |
Keyword: | 金屬誘發結晶,鈣鈦礦太陽能電池,電子/電洞傳輸層,水熱法, metal-induced-crystallization,perovskite solar cells,electron-/ hole-transporting layer,hydrothermal synthesis, |
Publication Year : | 2018 |
Degree: | 博士 |
Abstract: | 隨著科技進步以及人類對全球各區域開發程度的提升,日益高漲的能源需求促使科學家不斷找尋可永續利用並且潔淨安全的能量來源。其中,可望在未來成為便宜電力來源之高效率鈣鈦礦太陽能電池無疑是近期學術研究的重點項目。在本研究中,我們發現利用黃金奈米顆粒來觸發金屬誘發結晶機制,可使鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中利用溶膠-凝膠法製造的氧化鎳電洞傳輸層與氧化鈦電子傳輸層之最佳製程溫度分別被降低至180 ˚C與280 ˚C。由元素縱深與熱重/示差掃描熱分析,我們確認了發生於溶膠-凝膠法製程中的金屬誘發結晶機制,其中金屬不僅可降低氧化物結晶溫度,更可催化溶膠-凝膠法中前驅物之有機官能基脫去反應,使我們得以在低製程溫度下得到高純度與高結晶的氧化物薄膜。
本研究也驗證了以水熱法合成之氧化錫奈米顆粒,可用於製造高效率鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中之電子傳輸層。在以銻與釩作為氧化錫混摻元素的測試結果中發現,以5 %釩混摻之氧化錫奈米顆粒所製備的電子傳輸層可提供最佳元件表現。此外,過去利用水熱法合成之金屬氧化物奈米顆粒分散液中,大多是以極性醇類溶劑當作分散媒介,此極性溶劑若直接與鈣鈦礦層接觸會破壞其晶體結構,進而限制了奈米顆粒溶液在鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中的使用自由度。本研究提出了一個多步驟水熱法,並在最後一步驟中利用低極性之丁醇取代過去文獻中常用的乙醇或異丙醇,成功合成出可直接使用於鈣鈦礦層上的氧化錫奈米顆粒溶液。利用此氧化錫奈米顆粒分散液,搭配氧化鎳作為電洞傳輸層材料,本研究成功驗證了全以金屬氧化物作為載子傳輸層材料的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池具有良好的熱穩定性。 The rapidly grown demand on energy supply, driven by the advancing technology and increasing degree of industrialization, has encouraged researchers to search for a sustainable and clean energy source. Perovskite solar cell, among all the highly efficient solar cell technologies, holds particular promise due to its compatibility with the low-cost, solution-based fabrication procedures. In this study, we found that the optimal sintering temperatures of sol-gel TiO2 and NiO film, functioning as electron- and hole-transporting layer in the perovskite solar cell, could be decreased to 280 ˚C and 180 ˚C, respectively, via metal-induced-crystallization (MIC) triggered by Au nanoparticle. We verified the MIC mechanism through element depth profile and simultaneous thermogravimetric (TGA) /differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis. During the MIC process, the metal not only decreases the crystallization temperature, but also promotes the organic ligand removal and condensation reaction of the sol-gel precursor, enabling the fabrication of highly pure and crystallized metal oxide film via low-temperature process. We also demonstrated that efficient electron-transporting layers could be deposited by spin-coating hydrothermal synthesized SnOx nanoparticle suspensions without any sintering treatment. After testing SnOx nanoparticle with a series doping concentrations of vanadium (V) and antimony (Sb), we found that the optimal device performance was achieved when utilizing 5 % V-doped SnOx nanoparticle. More importantly, we developed a multistep hydrothermal synthesis procedure in which nonpolar 1-butanol was used to suspend the SnOx nanoparticle, greatly enhancing the compatibility of nanoparticle suspension with the perovskite layer. By utilizing MIC and multistep hydrothermal synthesis procedure, we demonstrated highly efficient perovskite solar cell with all-metal-oxide carrier-transporting layer with excellent thermal stability. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/70117 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201800233 |
Fulltext Rights: | 有償授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 材料科學與工程學系 |
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ntu-107-1.pdf Restricted Access | 5.09 MB | Adobe PDF |
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