聚(3-己基噻吩)－銀金屬複合材料之製備與形成機制探討

Abstract

本論文中，我們利用聚(3-己基噻吩) (P3HT)的氧化還原性質使銀離子在P3HT薄膜上還原成銀金屬。另一方面，利用四氫呋喃(Tetrahydrofuran，THF)對P3HT產生膨潤作用並且使P3HT的結構產生再重組(reorganization)。利用此重組的型態可以去控制銀金屬的成長及形態變化。因此我們利用水及THF製備成共溶劑(co-solvent)，去調控P3HT薄膜表面的性質並進一步產生特殊的銀金屬形態。 簡言之，P3HT的薄膜在經過THF膨潤後，表面後會產生帶狀重組結構，隨即銀離子還原到其帶狀結構上形成銀金屬。利用此方法可以簡易製備出寬度為100nm-2μm且長可達數百μm以上的長帶狀銀結構。經TEM繞射鑑定後發現此種銀的結構擁有高度的晶體位向排列一致性，主要晶面為呈現為{111}面族以及<110>的晶面成長方向並且形成一維的帶狀結構。這種長帶狀結構擁有相當大的寬高比(aspect ratio)且有別於一般一維的銀金屬線狀結構，此結構擁有更大的表面積，因此應用潛力極大。在製程方面，有別於傳統製備銀線的過程，本實驗並不需要另外添加任何做為前導晶種的成核劑、還原劑或是模板就能在室溫中製備出銀金屬的一維結構。

In this thesis﹐ the the redox properties of poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is used to reduce the silver ions to silver metal on the P3HT film﹒On the oher hand﹐because of swelling effect of Tetrahydrofuran(THF) on P3HT can used to reorganize the structure of P3HT simultaneously﹒It make use of the reorganization patterns to control the growth and morphological change of silver metal﹒In addition﹐water and THF are mixed to prepare co-solvent to adjust the surface properties of P3HT film﹐and then we can produce the special silver morphology﹒ In brief﹐the reorganization band structure be produced on the surface of P3HT film after been swollen by THF﹐and then silver ions reduce to silver metal on the band structure﹒In this way﹐it is easy to prepare an elongated silver structure with the range of width form 100 nm to 2 μm﹒The length of the elongated silver structure can up to hundreds μm or more﹒Through TEM diffraction，this silver sturcture is identified as a high degree of the consistency arrangement crystal structure﹒It also shows the major crystal phane of{111}and the major growth direction of <100>﹐and form one-dimensional band structure﹒This long band structure has a quite large aspect ratio and has a larger surface area than that of the general one-dimension silver linear structure﹒Therefore﹐the application potential is enormous﹒Differed from the traditional process in preparing the silver wire, the fabrication process of this experiment can prepare for one-dimensional silver structure at room temperature without adding any nucleating agent as leading seed﹐reducing agent﹐or template﹒