高中教科書國家認同的內容分析 ─ 臺灣民主化後與香港政權轉移後的比較

Abstract

人類造就歷史，但歷史卻形塑人類。臺灣擁有複雜的歷史記憶，自中日甲午戰後，中國戰敗將臺灣割讓至日本開始，臺灣人的國家認同便有所更動。隨著國民黨政權來臺，後再經主政者體悟到深根臺灣的重要及考量社會現況後解嚴，歷史背景及外在環境的交錯讓臺灣人民建構起不同的國家認同；香港自1842年成為英國殖民地，1997年回歸中國大陸，主權的變置對港民的國家認同定位又是如何？本論文透過臺灣高中公民與社會教科書(以95、99課綱為研究範圍) 及香港地區中四至中六新高中通識教育教科書 (2005年頒布新高中學制為研究範圍) 分析教材的編纂如何影響下一代之國家認同。透過教材初步整理，本研究歸納「中國因素」、「政體與民間社會關係」、「國際承認」為獨立變項，參雜主政者意識型態為中介變項，茲以社群意識、心理學、文化學角度，歸納整理出「歸屬感」、「參與感」、「優越感」(先天)、「成就感」(後天) 四大面向加以探討教科書中如何編纂並形塑臺灣與香港國家認同概念。為增加本研究信度，另尋兩名臺灣高中公民與社會教科書編纂教授 (兩人亦曾指導過研究生撰寫類似本論文之研究範疇) 以及任教於臺灣高中公民與社會科教師擔任本論文評分員。同時以設計登錄卷方式連結分析四大面向與國家認同形塑的關連性。研究最後，再予研究建議，以供後續研究者或教育研究單位為參考。

Human beings make history , but human history is shaped . Taiwan has a complex memory of history , since Sino-Japanese war, China ceded Taiwan to Japan 's defeat began Taiwanese national identity will have been modified . With the KMT regime in Taiwan , and then by those in power realized that an important and deep roots in Taiwan after considering the social status of martial law , staggered historical background and external environment so that the people of Taiwan construct different national identity ; Hong Kong since 1842 to become British colony 's return to China mainland in 1997 , how about the changed position on the sovereignty of Hong Kong and China 's national identity positioning ? This paper analyzes the citizens and society through high school textbooks in Taiwan ( 95, 99 lessons in classes for the study area ) and Hong Kong Secondary 4-6 NSS Liberal textbook ( issued in 2005 for the study of the NSS range ) affect the compilation of teaching materials the next generation of national identity . Preliminary sorting through materials , the study concludes that ' China factor ', ' polity Civil Society Relations ', ' international recognition ' as an independent variable , mixed ideology of those in power (Taiwan President Lee Teng-hui , Chen Shui-bian ; Hong Kong was Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa , Donald Tsang , Leung Chun-ying ) as intervening variables , hereby to community awareness , psychology , cultural perspective , collate and analyze the ' sense of belonging ', ' sense of participation ', ' superiority ' , ' a sense of accomplishment .'for four textbooks to be explored how the concept of codification and shape the national identity of Taiwan and Hong Kong . This study design login roll way, finishing relations with Taiwan, Hong Kong, two textbooks and national identity of the keyword. In order to increase the reliability of the study, to find a new civic and social Taiwanese high school textbook compilation of two professors (both also directed the graduate writing like this thesis research areas) as well as civil society, teachers taught at the high school and served as the thesis Taiwan raters . Log in volume while designing the four way link analysis and national identity formation for related sex. Final, hoping the study suggestions for future research or educational research unit as a reference.