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標題: | 華語教材《實用視聽華語》一至四冊與《漢語入門》、《中級漢語》之本位論比較研究 A Comparative Study between Word-based and Character-based Mandarin Textbook based on Practical Audio-visual Chinese volume I-IV and Méthode de chinois I-II |
作者: | Yun-Ching Liu 劉芸菁 |
指導教授: | 竺靜華 |
關鍵字: | 本位論,字本位,詞本位,實用視聽華語,漢語入門,中級漢語, Character-based Theory,Character-based Teaching Theory,Word-based Theory,Word-based Teaching Theory,Practical Audio-visual Chinese,Methode de chinois, |
出版年 : | 2015 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本文旨在探討臺灣華語教材新版《實用視聽華語》第一冊至第四冊與法國華語教材《漢語入門》、《中級漢語》之教材編寫的本位論。
自馬建忠於《馬氏文通》一書中首次以西方語法來分析漢語語法後,漢語研究學者開始以詞為漢語的基本單位,分析漢語中詞素、詞、詞組、句子、句群之間的關係。詞本位成為現代漢語語法研究的主流,華語教材也多以此觀點編寫,以詞彙為教學主體,講究詞義的辨析以及詞類的判別。字本位為徐通鏘首先提出的理論,此理論以字為語言的基本單位,由於字具有形、音、義三項特點,而呼籲語言研究的重心應回到漢語語言研究的以字為根本之傳統。以字本位為主之華語教學觀,將華語教學分為書面語教學(生字詞與課文教學)和口語教學,書面語教學以字為基礎,口語教學以句為基礎。 本研究以《歐洲語言共同參考框架》之六級語言能力指標界定此兩種教材的等級,新版《實用視聽華語》第一冊及第二冊與《漢語入門》對應,為A2程度;新版《實用視聽華語》第三冊及第四冊與《中級漢語》對應,為B1程度。本文以對比法分析兩種教材的單元架構、課文內容、生字詞、練習題,探討詞本位理論與字本位理論的具體教學應用。文中以筆者於法國國立東方語言文化學院之教學經驗,說明《漢語入門》及《中級漢語》兩本教材之使用情況,並附學習者作文中的句子及漢字書寫作為使用此二教材的實際效果之展示。 本文的研究結果是:《實用視聽華語》第一冊至第四冊為傾向詞本位教學之教材,《漢語入門》及《中級漢語》為傾向字本位教學之教材。從現代漢語的角度來看,詞本位的教材較符合現代漢語多使用雙音節詞的事實,字本位理論對目前詞本位教學只重視詞義,不講字義的教學具有警示作用,我們認為詞本位的教學應融入字本位教學的理念,使詞本位的教學系統日臻完善。 This thesis aims to discuss the orientation of six Chinese learning materials, which consist of Practical Audio-visual Chinese volume I-IV and Méthode de chinois I-II. Since Jianzhong Ma first described the Chinese grammar with the frame of Latin grammar in 馬氏文通, researchers started to take words (詞) as a fundamental unit in Chinese grammar. They did this by analyzing the morphemes, words, phrases, sentences, etc along with the relationship between each of them. Word-based Theory became the mainstream in Chinese grammar research. This influenced the design of Chinese learning materials, which emphasize the meanings of words and class of the words. Character-based Theory was raised by Tongqiang Xu in 1991. This theory considering Chinese character comprises the shape, phonetic, and semantic, regarding characters as an elementary unit. Character-based Teaching Method divides the class structure into written language class and oral language class. The former is based on character, and the latter is based on sentence. This research determined the level of the materials according to the six criteria established by The Common European Framework (CEFR). The Practical Audio-visual Chinese volume I-II correspond to the Méthode de chinois I, both of which meet level A2. The Practical Audio-visual Chinese volume III-IV correspond to the Méthode de chinois II, both of which meet to level B1. This research analyzed the framework, texts, vocabularies, exercises of these six learning materials, discussing the applied practice of the Word-based Theory and the Character-based Theory. To present the concrete evidence of the research, we display the sentences and characters composed by French learners from National Institute of Oriental Languages and Civilizations (INALCO). The result of this research is that Practical Audio-visual Chinese volume I-IV are oriented to the Word-based Theory and the Méthode de chinois I-II oriented from the Character-based Theory. The Word-based Teaching Theory corresponds more to modern Chinese with more disyllabic words than monosyllable words. Regardless the Character-based Teaching Theory has advantages that should be accepted by the Word-based Teaching Theory. We expect the Word-based Teaching Theory will be improved as we move into the future. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/54108 |
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