飼料中添加靈芝菌絲體固態培養基萃取物對點帶石斑成長表現與非特異性免疫之影響

Abstract

本研究將靈芝菌絲體固態培養基依相同比例含量且以不同溶劑，包括甲醇、乙醇、醋酸乙酯以及水進行培養基之萃取，將萃取物添加於飼料中探討對點帶石斑魚(Epinephelus coioides)之成長、非特異性免疫效果及血液生化指標的影響。成長檢測的項目包括增重率(Percentage weight gain, PWG)及飼料效率(Feed efficiency, FE)；非特異性免疫檢測的項目包括白血球超氧陰離子(O_2^-)產出率及溶菌酶活性(Lysozyme activity)；血液生化指標檢測的項目包括鹼性磷酸酶(Alkaline phosphatase, ALP)活性、三酸甘油脂(Triglyceride, TG)及膽固醇(Cholesterol, Cho)。 實驗中於飼料添加使用甲醇、乙醇、醋酸乙酯、水萃取及直接添加之靈芝固態培養基1.25%，使用平均體重9.52±1.18 g之點帶石斑魚，每組12尾，進行3重複，飼養35天，第0、21及35天進行秤重，於第35天檢測其非特異性免疫數值及血液生化指標。結果顯示飼料中添加靈芝固態培養基之飼料在增重率上以甲醇最好，飼料效率上以乙醇萃取的成長效果最佳，白血球超氧陰離子(O_2^-)產出率以醋酸乙酯萃取的表現最好，溶菌酶活性以乙醇萃取的活性表現最高，鹼性磷酸酶活性以甲醇萃取的效果較佳，三酸甘油脂及膽固醇皆因飼料添加靈芝固態培養基而有顯著下降(P<0.05)。

In this study, we use different extract solvent including methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and water, to extract Ganoderma lucidum mycelium solid medium. Then extraction and solid medium directly was supplemented 1.25% to the dietary, each diet was fed triplicate groups of fish ( initial body weight: 9.52±1.18g ) for 35 days. This research studied the effects of dietary on the growth, non-specific immune parameters and blood biochemical indices of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). In this experiment, the growth results shows that the percentage of weight gain (203%) of orange-spotted grouper fed with diet extracted by methanol are higher than other groups and the feed converted efficiency (107%) of orange-spotted grouper fed with diet extracted by ethanol are higher than other groups. The non-specific immune responses shows the diet extracted by ethyl acetate (0.436±0.047) is higher production of superoxide anion(O_2^-) than other treatments, the diet extracted by ethanol (49.46±2.00)is higher than other treatments in lysozyme activity. In the blood biochemical indices shows the diet extracted by methanol has higher alkaline phosphatase activity, the concentration of triglyceride and cholesterol in serum are significant decrease (P<0.05) when extracted Ganoderma lucidum mycelium solid medium add to diets compared with control group.