輪型重車液氣壓式懸吊系統之動態與結構分析

Abstract

本研究以輪型重車之液氣壓式懸吊系統為研究對象，進行液氣壓式懸吊系統之動態與結構分析，探討新設計的液氣壓式避震器性能與懸吊構件結構強度及剛性是否符合需求。一開始根據文獻回顧，彙整以往研究懸吊系統所使用的方法，並選用適合本文之模擬方法進行分析研究。除了以文獻中常用之剛體模型模擬之外，本文亦建立更符合實際構件之柔體模型進行模擬以求得更真實的結果，並探討剛體與柔體兩種模型的模擬結果差異。本研究採用有限元素軟體Abaqus建立有限元素剛體模型進行懸吊系統模擬分析，並利用多體動力學軟體ADAMS進行相同模擬，以比對兩種軟體的模擬結果是否一致，最後再以Abaqus建立有限元素柔體模型進行模擬分析，以求得更真實之結果。結果顯示Abaqus與ADAMS之動態分析模擬結果趨勢一致，可確立剛體模型與動態分析模擬結果是合理的。由柔體模型模擬結果，可得目前設計之液氣壓式避震器性能不符合需求，而新設計之懸吊構件結構強度與剛性是足夠的。最後由柔體與剛體兩種模型的模擬結果比較，本研究提出更具效益的動態與結構分析方法，並利用此方法模擬不同參數下的懸吊響應，提供改善避震器性能之依據。

This thesis studies the dynamic and structural analysis of the hydro-pneumatic suspension of the wheeled heavy vehicle, and discussion on the performance of the new hydro-pneumatic shock absorber and the structural strength and rigidity of new design components of the suspension. From literature review, this study summarizes conventional methods in research of the suspension system, and chooses suitable simulation methods for research. In addition to the rigid body model commonly used in the literature, this study creates a flexible body model that is closer to real suspension components to obtain more realistic results, and discusses on the differences in the results between rigid body model and flexible body model. This thesis uses finite element software: Abaqus to create rigid body model simulation analysis, and uses multi-body dynamic software: ADAMS to do the same simulation, and compare results between Abaqus and ADAMS. Finally, this study uses Abaqus to create the flexible body model to obtain more realistic results. The simulation results show that dynamic results between Abaqus and ADAMS are consistent, and it means the rigid model and its results are reasonable. From results of the flexible body model, it shows the newly designed hydro-pneumatic shock absorber doesn’t meet requirements. And the structural strength and rigidity of new design components of the suspension are enough. Finally, by comparing the results between rigid body model and flexible body model, this thesis presents a more efficient method of dynamic and structural analysis, and uses this method to simulate suspension responses with different parameters to provide the basis for improving performances of the shock absorber.