家與權：排灣族古樓村的當代政治

Abstract

本論文嘗試描述並分析屏東古樓村的現況，做為一個著名的排灣族傳統部落，他們的傳統文化如何在當代生活呈現。排灣文化中，以家屋作為基本社會單位，及頭目制度的階級社會最為特色。和過去排灣族家屋研究相對照之下，家仍是他們重要的核心價值。家屋內的分工則從夫妻為一體的共同操持家務，轉變為男主外、女主內的現象。但比起性別，長嗣的責任是人們更關心的。因此長嗣仍是受到尊重，同胞亦是人們指稱彼此關係的詞彙。頭目則被看作部落的長嗣，是整個部落的起源，起源論述便成為各頭目家族強調自己地位的方式，並由長嗣來繼承位置。但本文更進一步指出，通婚或是個人能力其實都有讓權力地位改變的可能性。 五年祭是最能呈現頭目地位的場域，也是為外界所知的儀式。近來更被登記為文化資產，此舉對部落造成相當大的影響。因保存團體採登記制，未必能代表部落，進而產生部落兩頭目家正統地位的爭議。同時這也牽涉到當地人對於文化財產的觀念。最後則記敘第十一屆五年祭的情況，過程中呈現多種權威競逐的樣貌。

I analyzed the Paiwan tradtion changing in comteporary context.Compared with past studies, house is still the basic unit in the society. House is kept by wife and husband and inherited by the eldest child (vusam), who is responsible for his/her sibling. Chief is considered the eldest child of the tribe, and it determinated the position. The Paiwan was seen a hierarchy society. But power structure could change by marriage or wealth. Especially through village relocation, indiviual ability has made power structure difference. Meljveq(五年祭、人神盟約祭) is an important ritual for chief communicating with ancestral spirits. Recently Meljveq of this tribe was registered as cultural heritage of government by an association. It caused conflict between two chiefly househould in the tribe due to the right of making decision on this ritual. It shows the system of culture heritage takes great effect on local culture.