TiO2奈米顆粒應用於DSSCs之研究

Abstract

本研究為二氧化鈦(TiO2)在染料敏化太陽能電池(dye-sensitized solar cells, DSSCs)上之應用，利用預混式燃燒器火焰，添加鈦系化合物C12H28O4Ti(TTIP)，並以氣相燃燒合成奈米級TiO2顆粒，討論其晶相純度及粒徑大小，當O2/N2=30/70、Φ=1.0、TTIP=0.89%，時，粉末粒徑約為50nm，Anatase晶相含量為67%，由於改變收集方式，因此此數據與本實驗室先前所製作之Anatase晶相含量為97.7%相比較差，將本實驗製作之顆粒應用在染料敏化太陽能電池上可得到最佳光電轉換效率1.17%。 DSSCs之製備主要探討電池之工作電極之TiO2薄膜厚度、兩電極間距離以及電解液調配方式等數個研究方向。工作電極方面以刮刀成膜法(doctor blade method)製做，討論TiO2膜厚度，結果發現使用4克的P25 TiO2粉末加上15毫升去離子水，0.5毫升乙醯丙酮與0.5毫升界面活性劑(X-100)，塗佈三層TiO¬2薄膜厚度之DSSCs效率最佳；兩電極間厚度以100μm為最佳；在電解液的選用上，使用濃度為0.5M-0.05M 之LiI-I2，溶劑為體積比Propylene carbonate：Acetonitrile為9：1之電解液，再加入濃度為0.5M之 4-tert-butylpyridine(TBP)，最佳光電轉換效率可達2.115%。

Flame synthesis of nanosized titanium oxide particles with the precursor titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) were used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this study, particles collected in the premixed flames were studied for their morphology, crystal phase purity, and size. Results from X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses show that TiO2 crystal phase purity and the size of TiO2 nanoparticles may be effectively controlled by the oxygen concentration and equivalence ratio(Φ). As a result, the anatase purity and the size of TiO2 particle can be 67% and 50nm. TiO2 nanoparticles are formed under the conditions of O2/N2=30/70,Φ=1.0, and TTIP=0.89%. Because of the different collected mothod, this particle anatase purity is lower than 97.7% that collected before. However, DSSCs are developed by using a dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 film display the photo-energy efficiency of 1.17%. DSSC is an alternative method for the development of a new generation of photovoltaic devices. DSSC is a combination of several materials, consisting of a transparent electrode coated with a dye-sensitized mesoporous film of nanocrystalline particles of TiO2, an electrolyte containing a suitable redox-couple and a platinum coated counter-electrode. Ruthenium 535-bis TBA (N719) is used as the dyesensitizers. The photo-energy conversion efficiency of DSSCs depends on the properties of its components. The photo-energy conversion efficiency of DSSCs can be optimized up to 2.115%, when the anode electrode made by doctor blade method with three layers. Furthermore, the spacer thickness is 100μm, and the electrolyte condition become [LiI]-[ I2] is 0.5M-0.05M in volume ratio Propylene Carbonate(PC)：Acetonitrile is 9：1 with 0.5M 4-tert-butylpyridine(TBP).