圓滑番荔枝葉部之成份研究

Abstract

圓滑番荔枝(Annona glabra L.)為一種分佈在美洲、東南亞和台灣南部的熱帶植物。在民間它是被用來當作殺蟲劑和驅腸蟲藥。本實驗先依一般生物鹼之抽取方法將圓滑番荔枝葉部酒精抽取物區分為酸性氯仿層、酸性殘渣層、鹼性氯仿層、鹼性殘渣層和水層。再配反覆使用離心式分配層析、Sephadex LH-20 凝膠管柱層析、矽膠吸附管柱層析、製備型薄層層析、高壓液相層析。得到19 個化合物，其中10 個為aporphine 類生物鹼，分別為(-)-N-methylactindaphnine (1)、(-)-actindphnine (2)、boldine (3)、(+)-isoboldine (4)、(-)-anolobine (5)、(+)-magnoflorine (6)、(-)-asimilbine (7)、(+)-norisodomesticine (8)、(-)-roemeroline (9)、(-)-7-α-hydroxyactinodaphnine(10)。兩個benzylisoquinoline: (+)-reticuline (11)、1S,2S-reticuline-N-oxide (12)。 一個Oxoaporphine: liriodenine (13)。一個morphinan: (-)- pallidine (14) 和一個proapoprine: (+)-stepharine (15)。四個黃酮類: quercetin (16)、quercetin-3-β-D-galactopyranoside (17)、quercetin-3-β-D-glucopyranoside (18)、 quercetin-3-α-L-arabinopyranoside (19)。經由光譜分析這些化合物的結構。其中化合物2、化合物10 經過文獻搜索發現其為新的化合物。

Annona glabra L. (Annonaceae) is a tropical tree, which distributed in Americas, southeast Asia and southern Taiwan. It is used in folklore as an insecticide and parasiticide. Following the general procedure to extract alkaloids, the EtOH extract of Annona glabra leaves was divided into acid chloroform extract, acid residue, total free bases, base residue layer and water layer. Repeated fractionation and separation of through centrifugal partition chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, high performance liquid chromatography and silica gel column yielded fifteen alkaloids from the total free bases(1-15) and four flavonols from the acid residue. There fifteen alkaloids are ten aporphines, i.e. (-)-N-methylactindaphnine (1), (-)-actindphnine (2); boldine (3); (+)-isoboldine (4); anolobine (5); (+)-magnoflorine (6); asimilbine (7); (+)-norisodomesticine (8); (-)-roemeroline (9) and (-)-7-α-hydroxyactinodaphnine(10); two benzylisoquinolines, i.e. (+)-reticuline (11) and 1S,2S-reticuline-N-oxide (12); one oxoaporphine: liriodenine (13); one morphinan, i.e. pallidine (14); one proapoprine, i.e. stepharine (15); and four flavonols, i.e. quercetin (16), quercetin-3-β-D-galactopyranoside (17), quercetin-3-β-D-glucopyranoside (18) and quercetin-3-α-L-arabinopyranoside (19). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Among the isolated compounds, compound 2 and 10 are found to be new natural products.