綠竹無性芽及花芽之蛋白質體分析

Abstract

竹類植物開花後集體死亡的現象，相當令人好奇。為探討這種現象，必須先瞭解造成竹類植物開花的原因。本論文使用試管中綠竹花芽及無性芽作為研究材料，結合二維膠體電泳、抗體免疫染色、電腦軟體比對、螢光標定及質譜分析作為研究工具。經比較綠竹無性芽及花芽，針對差異蛋白質進行成份鑑定後，發現綠竹花芽體內，合成Val、Leu和Ile的相關酵素含量降低，而降解Tyr、合成Gln及Cys的酵素含量提高。此外醣類代謝方面，可得知花芽內參與TCA循環、糖解及光合作用的酵素增加，推測其醣類組成可能改變。還有合成脂肪酸的酵素含量也增加，顯示花芽內部脂肪酸含量上升。另外發現抗氧化、滲透逆境相關之酵素，其含量也在花芽中提高，而這些酵素可能會與植物荷爾蒙結合，調控植物生長發育。上述推測造成綠竹開花的可能原因，均有待進一步研究。

The phenomenon of bamboo flowering and the following death is a mystery to plant biologist. In order to explicit this problem in molecular level, we tried to understand the mechanism of bamboo flowering. We used two-dimensional electrophoresis in conjunction with mass spectrometry to dissect the proteome of flower buds and basal shoot clumps of Bambusa oldhamii which were cultivated in vitro. Proteomic tools including two-dimensional electrophoresis, immunoblotting, computer software comparing, CyDye tagging and mass spectrometric analysis were used to identify the key proteins related to the flowering mechanism. It is observed the expression of the enzymes responsible for amino acids, carbohydrates and fatty acids metabolism were changed. The increase of these proteins could result in flux toward glycolysis, TCA cycle, photosynthesis and fatty acid synthesis. Besides, we have identified some enzymes related to antioxidation osmotic stress which might regulate plant growth by co-regulating with the phytohormones in flower buds. All these observations should be confirmed in further studies.