建立預鑄供應鏈生產規劃模型

Abstract

摘 要 過去營建專案規劃及管理工作多將重點放在專案工地，強調工地進度與成本等重要執行績效符合合約規範、業主要求，及內部控管目標；對於上游供應商成本、進度，及生產供應行為等問題甚少涉及，結果造成供應商在規劃生產的困難，也提高供應商生產的成本。 本研究以預鑄專案生產規劃為研究重點，研究預鑄生產特性。考慮預鑄模具生產機能、生產產能、專案生產資源供應，預鑄廠生產及儲存等限制；在符合專案工地進度要求下，建立模具、庫存、生產場地設備，及生產人工材料資源等總成本最適化的生產規劃模型。此外本研究並分析預鑄商交易條件和決策主體對其鋼筋供應商聯合庫存成本的影響。本研究運用已建立的生產模型探討預鑄廠對一特定高科技廠房專案預鑄結構生產規劃期與總成本、庫存成本，及模具成本之間的關係，並進行人工工時及混凝土供應體積等限制對總成本、庫存成本，及模具成本影響的敏感度分析。最終對預鑄供應商為因應工地對預鑄構件安全庫存要求等工地因素對生產規劃的影響所進行的分析，以了解因主承商所造成的進度延誤對預鑄供應商生產及成本的影響。

ABSTRACT In some developing countries, material costs can make up as much as 60%–65% of the total construction cost. Therefore, how construction materials are managed has a crucial influence on the success of the entire project. However, the researchers traditionally put emphasis on the construction site management and didn't pay much attention to the scope of the material supply chain management. They care about the schedule, cost, and quality performance of construction site. This research explores the relationship between supplier production and site construction activities, as well as production resource capacity. This research develops a precast production planning model that could meet site element installation demand, satisfy internal production resource constraints, and optimizes the total costs of production molds, material, labor, production space, and inventory cost, etc. This research also uses an actual case to evaluate model performance. The results show that the model provides better solutions quality than the original production plans and the actual production results of the case. This research also takes the production and supply planning of a rebar plant as the research subject, builds an integrated inventory model, and develops an integrated inventory cost information system. This system provides the materials supplier with a tool to perform production and supply planning and also reduce the material integrated inventory.