台北市不同學制之高中職女生吸菸行為及相關因素探討

Abstract

青少年之菸害防制為全球所注重之健康問題，我國亦不例外。但我國年輕女性之吸菸盛行率卻逐年上昇，且開始吸菸年齡亦有下降之趨勢。顯見年輕女性之菸害防制有其重要性。本研究之目的在於了解並比較不同之學制高中職女學生在吸菸行為、知識、態度及其影響吸菸之相關因素，研究對象為台北市區內公立高中、公立高職、私立高中及私立高職之在學學生共計1,297人，研究工具為自擬之結構式問卷。 結果發現台北市高中職女學生吸菸盛行率為8.40%，有吸菸經驗者則有23.94%，吸菸盛行率依學制而有所不同。開始及持續吸菸之動機大多是為了無聊與負面情緒之紓解，而戒菸之主要動機大多是為了健康理由。影響高中職女學生吸菸之知識、態度與行為的因素有學生之社會人口學特性、個人之菸害知識及對吸菸的態度、社會環境以及父母與同儕吸菸行為與態度。 本研究之結果可作為因應不同學制及性別個別化反菸教育計畫之參考依據。

The prevention of adolescent smoking is an important health issue all over the world, including Taiwan. The prevalence of adolescent smoking is increasing among girls and the age of smoking initiation is decreasing as well. Thus, imparting anti-smoking program is becoming increasingly important. The objectives of this study included the analysis and comparison of the patterns of smoking prevalence, behavior, and related factors among girl students at the senior high school level in Taipei City. The subjects were 1,297 students at the senior high school level who studied in public high schools, private high schools, and public and private vocational schools in the city. Self-development structured questionnaire survey was used for this study. We detected the prevalence of smoking in 8.40% of the subjects; 23.94% of the subjects reported smoking experiences and the prevalence was different in schools following different styles of education. The commonest reasons stated for initiating and continuing smoking were curiosity and the urge to release personal negative feelings. Students quit smoking mostly owing to health-related reasons. The factors related to smoking habits in girl students were demographic characteristics, personal knowledge of and attitude toward smoking, and social influences. The smoking behavior and attitude of parents and peers also affected the students’ behavior as well as their knowledge of and attitude toward smoking. The results of this study will serve as the basis for developing gender-specific as well as individualized anti-smoking education programs targeted at senior high school students under different education systems.