《變身怪醫》中的權力、瘋狂論述和社會排除

Abstract

本論文旨在探討羅伯特‧路易斯‧史帝文生《變身怪醫》中愛德華‧海德其瘋狂的顯現。本文試圖以十九世紀英國監禁瘋人歷史傳統、文化觀念以及權力的運作剖析《變身怪醫》中瘋狂所代表的意義。本文首將愛德華‧海德認定為一個瘋子。其二將訴諸傅柯對於《瘋顛與文明》中理論框架的審視，將瘋狂視為一種社會疏離現象;監禁瘋人為一種社會控制手段。瘋狂的再現塑造了當時的文化對於瘋狂的想像，並揭示小說中瘋狂的含義，反映出社會文化結構上的改變及態度。最終，本文也試圖以傅柯《懲罰與規訓》的脈絡，探討權力在小說中的體現、在空間的配置上權力的施展及運作，並強調權力在權力網絡中的分配和部署。

The aim of this paper is to explore the historical milieu that contributed to the confinement of the mad, cultural perceptions and the implication of madness, and the deployment of power in Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. This paper will firstly posit Edward Hyde as a madman. Secondly, the focus will be brought to assume madness as an alienation from the society and confinement as a technique of social control by resorting to Foucault’s examination of the theoretical framework of Madness and Civilization, and the ways in which the representations of madness help shape cultural perceptions of madness back then. This chapter will also shed light on the implication of madness in the novella, mirroring the structure and change in social and cultural attitudes. Lastly, Foucault’s Discipline and Punish informs me the readings of the manifestation of power, for how power is exercised within the spatiality. The network of power will be stressed upon how the power is distributed and deployed in Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Notions of individual power will be explored in terms of the enclosed cabinet.