屏東六堆客家文化園區的營造

Abstract

這些年來，政府各部會機關前仆後繼興辦各類文化館舍或文化園區，但因為不同的決策樣態，於不同階段產生政策執行錯誤案例時有耳聞，且就如部份報載內容，政府已然生產出一座又一座乏人問津的空館（俗稱蚊子館）或園區。然而，每一座文化園區的興辦過程，背後一定耗費不少人力、物力及金錢預算，而在這些個案中，政府、設計建築師及民間意見領袖各扮演著何種角色？以及彼此之間應該有怎樣的鏈結關係，才足以提供社會正面的文化效應？才能在瞬息萬變的政治模糊場域中摩擦出公共建設的核心價值與空間品質？ 文化政策的研究，多少都會觸及政府策略與作為，而大多數以文化為焦點的研究報告，則僅以政府或國家擔任文化場域的行動者和政策發展推動者的角色之ㄧ視之，鮮少論及政府作為（統治機制）及不同社會利益角色參與之場域特質。另外，專擅於探討政治議題的各種理論取向，無論是多元主義或馬克思主義，則又常侷限於政治經濟分析、統治集團、決策過程、公民權利與社會運動等面向探討，較少關注文化議題在政策執行過程中因不同樣態所產出的衝擊影響。 本研究關心的是政府政策的操作與文化園區逐漸成型過程中，如何藉由衝突檢討來分析評估該政策產出(policy output)之施政成效，而政策產出評估過程中，則必須對其影響分子加以討論，也就是針對本研究案之「競圖與評選爭議」、「履約爭議」及「官僚體制（bureaucracy）爭議」等三大衝突點，檢討其爭議原因，進而提出政府與設計建築師兩者合作推辦過程中，政府如何能更重視建築師所提出的專業意見以及對政策衝擊、影響程度的評估，減少政策標的對於社會現況可能引起的正面或負面引響，或者政策可能產生的新問題，最後，再回頭檢討分析設計建築師所提推動客家文化園區興建個案設計規劃的內容是否適宜。

Departments of Taiwan government have been continually working on different culture centers or culture parks in these few years. However, inappropriate execution policy occurred in different stages. According to the report from newspapers, the government has produced all kinds of culture center one after another where no one visit. Therefore, there are only mosquitoes inside of buildings, people jeer at. In those projects, each culture park took quite among of human resources, material resources and budget. What kind of roles that the government, architects and public’s presenters play? How do they suppose to connect together, in order to bring out the positive culture effect for the society, core value and space quality of public construction in changeful political situations? Studies of culture policies related to government policy and action more or less. Most reaches focuses on culture, take government’s role as action and policy executors, and rarely talk about governance and quality of roles benefited from these projects in the society. Moreover, those researches focusing on political issue. Both Pluralism and Maxism tend to be limited on analyzing political economy, governing group, decision making process, public right，society movement, and less concern about the influence of the impacts caused by the excusion process of the policy that relate to culture issues. This research concerns on how to review, analyze the conflict and evaluate the policy output on the process of the developing cultural parks and the government’s policy. It is necessary to discuss reasons that may affect the policy. There are three main conflictions “Arguments of project plan competition and select standard”, “ Contract argument” and “ Argument of bureaucracy” that relate to evaluate the policy is studied in this research. Moreover, this research also work on how the government can pay more respect to architect’s professional suggestions when cooperate with them. How the government can pay more attention to how much does one project affect the community, and prevent the policy that doesn’t meet people’s need and cause new problems. At the end, this research reviews the architect’s project on constructing the Hakka Culture Park in Liudui Area Pingtung County and evaluate if it is appropriate.