新北市準公共化嬰兒托育政策之研究-以家長觀點

Abstract

為因應少子女化，行政院於2018年核定我國少子女對策計畫，以持續加速教保公共化、減輕家長教保費用負擔、改善教保服務人員薪資、穩定教保服務品質、提升2至5歲幼兒入園率，其中「0至5歲全面照顧」是秉持尊重家長選擇權、保障每個孩子都獲得尊重與照顧及無縫銜接等原則，以「擴展平價教保服務」及「減輕家長負擔」為政策重點，並研定「加速擴大公共化教保服務量」、「以準公共機制補充平價教保服務」及「輔以育兒津貼達到全面照顧」等三大策略。 本研究以家長觀點檢視我國0至2歲托育準公共化政策之良莠及滿意度進行探討研究。並採用文獻分析法及深度訪談法，研究對象為設籍於新北市轄內，且育有2歲以下嬰幼兒，並符合準公化政策申請資格之家長，期可透過家長的角度檢視現行政府推動之準公共化政策之政策目標是否達成、托育費用之補助是否確有減輕家庭育兒負擔、與政府簽訂合作契約的托嬰機構或保母是否確可提供具一定品質之服務等，進而提出相關可行建議，以作為政策修訂與未來研究的參考。

To tackle the issue of declining birthrate, the Executive Yuan approved a plan in 2018 to accelerate infant care publicization. The policy was aimed at lessening financial burdens of parents and increasing welfare for childcare industries, with the intended effects of improved care service quality and infant care registration rates (for 2-5 year-olds). The policy allows parents to select service providers and ensures comprehensive care for infants between 0 to 5 years old. It has adopted the following strategies: expand publicized care service ecosystems, apply quasi-public mechanisms to improve affordability of care services, and provide subsidies to young parents. This study examines the satisfaction level of Taiwanese parents against Taiwan’s current quasi-public infant care policy for infants between 0 and 2 years old through content analysis and in-depth interviews. The main subjects of this research are parents residing in New Taipei City who qualify for quasi-public infant care. The author of this work hopes to evaluate whether the policy has achieved its intended goals from the perspectives of parents, the policy's key stakeholders. The effect of infant care subsidies on lessening parental burdens and service quality of contracted babysitting institutions/individuals under the policy are examined, followed by policy recommendations for future revisions and academic researches.