移民的身份認同與劃界：以移台港人為例

Abstract

本研究探討香港移民在台灣的身份認同管理和邊界建構。研究深入訪談16名於2019年反送運動後因政治因素移民台灣的香港人，發現大部分移民仍保留「香港人」作為主要身分認同。這身份認同由2019年運動所衍生的強烈情感所驅動，導致香港移民希望畫出象徵邊界以區分「我們」和「他們」。然而，作為「香港人」的意義隨著香港社會政治環境變化而有所改變。研究亦發現小部分香港移民跨越邊界，以「台灣人」為主要身分認同，這源自他們自認為與台灣社會政治立場相近。另外，香港移民亦採取調整邊界的策略。他們根據實際日常情況，強調或淡化其香港人或台灣人的認同。港人移民採取這些策略是為了回應近年香港移民與台灣公眾之間日益緊張關係。因此香港移民自詡為代表香港的「大使」，並強調自身作為「合格」移民的身份。整體而言，兩岸政治環境的變化影響香港移民的認同及其後續的邊界建構。

This study investigates the identity management and boundary work of Hong Kong immigrants in Taiwan. Based on 16 in-depth interviews with politically motivated Hong Kong migrants who relocated to Taiwan after the 2019 anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill (ELAB) movements, it is found that most have retained ‘Hong Konger’ as their master identity. This identity is sustained by the strong collective emotions stemming from the 2019 movements and a perceived need to maintain symbolic boundaries, a conceptual distinction between ‘us’ and ‘them’. However, the meaning of being ‘Hong Kongers’ is evolving with the sociopolitical circumstances in Hong Kong. A smaller group of Hong Kong immigrants has attempted to cross and blur that boundary and adopted ‘Taiwanese’ as their master identity, facilitated by their perceived political proximity to the host society. Furthermore, Hong Kong migrants adopt the strategy of boundary adjustment, where they situationally emphasise or downplay their Hong Konger or Taiwanese identities. These strategies are responses to rising tension between Hong Kong migrants and the Taiwanese public, as Hong Kong migrants become self-ascribed ambassadors and stress their status as ‘deserving’ migrants. Overall, changing cross-strait political circumstances affects Hong Kong migrants’ identity management, and their subsequent boundary work.