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標題: | 父母的社會支持與青少年的適應 Family as Social Support in Adolescent’s Adjustment |
作者: | "Yangwen, Huang" 黃揚文 |
指導教授: | 吳英璋 |
關鍵字: | 社會支持親子互動,青少年適應, Social Support,Parent-Child Interaction, |
出版年 : | 2007 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本研究目的是父母的社會支持於協助青少年適應時扮演的角色。本研究回顧適應與壓力因應模式相關文獻,將青少年的適應整理為個人適應與社會適應兩個部份。其中個人適應包括:讀書功能、自我功能,以及身心症狀,而社會適應包括同儕關係與師生關係。其次從行為回饋的角度出發,參考家庭功能的模式,提出假設:父母的社會支持「情感方面的瞭解」、「行為方面的瞭解」、「從溝通獲得的瞭解」,以及「情感方面的回饋與協助」、「行為方面的回饋與協助」、「溝通方面的回饋」等六個部份的互動對青少年的適應提供協助。本研究以「學生生活適應量表」篩選出適應良好以及適應不佳的青少年,並邀請青少年家長接受訪問,以蒐集父母的社會支持狀況。研究結果支持研究假設,在適應良好的青少年家庭中,透過親子互動提供較多的「瞭解」,並且提供較多的「回饋與協助」。另外,結果同時發現在適應不佳的青少年家庭中,「瞭解」則多於「回饋」。根據此現象研究者推測沒有轉換成回饋或協助的瞭解對青少年來說可能是另外一種壓力。在適應良好的學生家庭中,三種互動也較適應不佳的學生來的好,與研究假設相符。本研究結果亦發現父母觀點的親子互動與青少年觀點親子互動有不同型態的相關方式:在適應良好組中,父母觀點與青少年觀點為負相關;而適應不佳組中,父母觀點與青少年觀點為正相關。研究者認為可從壓力因應模式中進一步探索父母觀點與青少年觀點的不同,並且作為未來研究方向。 The purpose of this study was to figure out the role of parents in assisting and maintaining adolescent’s adjustment. Following the viewpoints of behavioral approach, parents can assist and maintain adolescent’s adjustment through “Understanding ” and “Assistance/ Reinforcement”. Adolescent adjustment status was assessed via “School Adjustment Scale”, which included social aspect adjustment (Teacher- Student Relationship, and Peer Relationship) and personal aspect adjustment (Self Functions, Study functions, and Psychosomatic Symptoms). This Scale was used to categorize adolescents into “maladjusted group” and “well adjusted group”. “Parenting Attitude Scale- Adolescent version” was used to collect parent-child interaction data from adolescents’ perspectives. Home- visiting- semistructured interview procedure was designed to collect parent-child interaction data from parents’ perspectives. Data collected from the semistructured interview were analyzed by Parents’ Social Support Rating Scale, including “affective understanding”, “behavioral understanding”, “communicational understanding”, “affective assistance/ reinforcement”, “behavioral assistance/ reinforcement”, and “communicational assistance/ reinforcement” . The results showed that well adjusted adolescent’s parents offered more understanding and assistance/ reinforcement through affective, behavioral, communicational interactions. The results also showed that there were less assistance/ reinforcement than understanding in maladjusted adolescents’ families. It was proposed that assistance/ reinforcement was more powerful in assisting and maintaining adolescent’s school adjustment. And if the “Understanding” of adolescent didn’t follow by “Assistance/ Reinforcement”, it could become another stressor to the adolescent. There were different parent-child correlated patterns in maladjusted and well adjusted adolescents: maladjusted adolescents’ perceptions were positively correlated with parents’ perceptions, but well adjusted adolescents’ view was negatively correlated with parents’ perceptions. Stress Coping Model might offer an explanation for that. Further studies were needed to test this interpretation. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/30008 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 心理學系 |
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