以策略利基途徑檢視家戶垃圾處理費用隨袋徵收政策的學習及侷限：台北市及台中市的比較

Abstract

本研究旨在透過過社會科技轉型中的策略利基管理途徑（strategic niche management），分析台北市、石岡鄉與台中市在推行同一政策時的成敗原因，以及了解石岡鄉在借鏡台北市垃圾處理費用隨袋徵收政策之成功經驗後，卻無法推行至台中其他鄉鎮的原因，並藉此檢視政府在推動新政策時的學習過程以及侷限。對此，本研究透過策略利基管理途徑逐一分析後，認為新政策在推動時需求與期望的形成，極大部分的影響政策推動的成敗，有足夠的需求與期望才能有效的形塑政策構想，並讓利基從中誕生。此外，新政策的培養場域與支援者則是政策遇到困境時的重要支柱，當新政策的利基足夠茁壯時，其所受到的社會反抗將大幅降低，新政策也將能成功推動。故本研究建議在制定新政策的首要步驟應是充分理解社會地景、熟知需求，並給予新政策足夠的保護與成長空間，方可與現行政策對抗，降低人民對政策的反彈。

This study aims to analyze the success and failure factors of implementing the same policy in Taipei City, Shihgang Township, and Taichung City through the lens of strategic niche management in the context of socio-technical transitions. It explores why Shihgang Township could not extend the successful experience of Taipei City's per bag trash collection fee policy to other areas of Taichung. The study also examines the government's learning process and limitations in promoting new policies. Through this analysis, the study concludes that the formation of demand and expectations is crucial for the success of policy implementation. Sufficient demand and expectations help shape policy ideas and foster niches. Additionally, nurturing environments and supporters are key pillars when policies face challenges. As the niche grows stronger, societal resistance decreases, increasing the chances of successful policy implementation. Therefore, the study recommends that the initial step in formulating new policies should be a thorough understanding of the societal landscape, clear identification of needs, and providing adequate protection and growth space for the new policy to effectively compete with existing ones and reduce public resistance.